Intro to “Animal Farm” Essay

Animal Farm is a story that cannot be understood and appreciated without a basic understanding of 20th-century European history. While author George Orwell may have featured talking, thinking animals and labeled the story a fairy tale, it very clearly references events in Europe in the time period leading up to and during World War II. Animal Farm is openly critical of all of the major players in the European theater of that time, and each is referenced by an animal at the farm. This should come as no surprise, given that Orwell lived in Europe and was politically active during that time period. Like many Europeans who were tired of the confines of rigid class-based systems, Orwell could have been considered sympathetic to Communist or Socialist ideals, but was seemingly disappointed by Stalin’s subversion of those ideals for personal gain. In fact, this disappointment is what helps characterize Animal Farm as anti-utopian literature. There are dueling traditions in literature in which authors either describe a utopia, or a seemingly perfect world, or else they take an anti-utopian standpoint in explaining how there is no way to maintain such a perfect world. Animal Farm, which describes the descent of Old Major’s proposed ideal world of animal equality into a totalitarian state run by Napoleon, is decidedly anti-utopian. One of the interesting characteristics of Animal Farm is that, while it is critical of Communism in practice, it is not critical of Communism as an ideal. Nothing in the novel suggests that Old Major’s ideas about ending the exploitation of animals were somehow wrong. In fact, Orwell describes the animals as being mistreated while under the farmer’s control. This leads one to believe that Orwell believed, theoretically, in the ideal of Communism or Socialism, and was critiquing not the ideal, but the possibility of the ideal. This is an interesting perspective, given Orwell’s own background, which would have placed him in the petty bourgeoisie social class.George Orwell was born Edward Arthur Blair on June 25, 1903, in India. His father was an English civil servant in India. At age eight, Orwell returned to England, where he was sent to boarding school. In 1917, Orwell went to Eton on scholarship, where he was first exposed to the political ideas that would eventually form the foundation of Animal Farm. Upon graduating in 1921, Orwell followed in his father’s footsteps and went to Burma, India, as a member of the Civil Service, where he served from 1922 to 1927. After that time, Orwell seemed to abandon the privilege that came with being a member of the upper class, even if he was a poorer member of that group. He spent a year living among the lower class in Paris and in England, even spending some of that time with homeless people. It was around that time that he began writing seriously and adopted the pen name George Orwell. While he was gaining respect as a writer, he also had â€Å"day jobs,† first as a teacher, and then as the proprietor of a pub and a general store.Orwell became a Socialist in the 1930s, and when asked to report upon the Spanish Civil War, actually fought in defense of his political beliefs and in favor of a Socialist Spain. However, he was adamant about the differences in the Communist and Socialist philosophies and believed that Communism was a threat to Socialism. He joined in the battle, fighting on the side of the Republicans as a member of a Marxist political party, and he was injured during this service. While the Republicans were successful in the war, the Marxists were not; pro-Stalin factions took over the Republicans. This historical part of Orwell’s life undoubtedly helped contribute to his criticism of Stalin and helped serve as a foundation for Animal Farm, though he would not write the novel for several years.

Land Ordinance of 1785

Land Ordinance of 1785 I)The Land Ordinance A. Adoption 1. The United States Congress adopted the Land Ordinance of 1785 in May 1785. 2. Thomas Jefferson wrote the Ordinance of 1784, which called for the land west of the Appalachian Mountains, north of the Ohio River, and east of the Mississippi River to be divided. a. This ordinance did not exactly describe how the land would be settled, governed, or how the land would become a state. 3.The Land Ordinance of 1785 put the 1784 resolution in operation by providing mechanism for selling or settling the land. B. Goals and Accomplishments: 1. Due to the fact that Congress could not raise taxes, the main goal of the ordinance was to sell the unmapped territory west of the states acquired in 1783 through the Treaty of Paris and uses the income as federal profit. 2. Over three-fourths of the continental US was surveyed using the rectangular survey, which provided the following: a. Easily recognizable land descriptions . Economic, political, and social development in the townships. 4. The Ordinance divided the land into townships, six square miles each that were divided into 36 1 square mile sections. a. Each of the 36 sections were subdivided into portions of land that were sold or used for a specific purpose. b. Section 16 of every township was reserved for the maintenance of public schools. c. In later townships, section 36 was designated as a school section. d. Sections 8, 11, 26, and 29 were reserved for federal sale Related article: Land of Opportunity

Has international intervention trying to end violent ethno-national Essay

Has international intervention trying to end violent ethno-national conflict had successful outcomes - Essay Example He did by calling out to the man, â€Å"No one shall dare beat you again.† As if these remarks were not incendiary enough, he proceeded to say, â€Å"This is your land, your fields, your gardens; your memories are here†. A decade later, under Milosevic’s watch, in defense of fields, gardens and memories, Serbian forces unleashed ethnic cleansing in Kosovo -- resulting in the massacre of thousands of ethnic Albanians and the forcible displacement of around 800,000 more. The retaliation of the ethnic Albanians on the few Serbs that have been left behind still continue to this day, pointing to the cyclical nature of the violence. The ethnic divides in the conflict-torn and poverty-ridden ex-Yugoslav region have cut deep and painful wounds, and generations of distrust and hatred fuelled in large part by nationalist myth-making, have created a situation where according to Anastasijevic (2004:105) â€Å"the prevalent mode of interaction has been traditionally one of d ominance, rather than coexistence or assimilation.† Allegedly to prevent further use of force by Slobodan Milosevic, the US-led military intervention of NATO charged in, conducting air strike upon air strike, cloaked by Resolutions 1160 and 1199 of the United Nations Security Council. The military intervention had been nothing if not controversial, with the main problematic stated most elegantly by Chomsky, who stated: There is at least a tension, if not an outright contradiction, between the rules of world order laid down in the United Nation Charter and the rights articulated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UD). The charter bans force violating state sovereignty; the UD guarantees the rights of individuals against oppressive states †¦ . The issue of humanitarian intervention arises from this tension (Chomsky 1999: 73) This leaves us in a precarious position on course of action where a government persistently violates the human rights of its citizens as eng aging in one set of commitment might involve violation of other international laws. Humanitarian intervention as a process therefore, shall imply a third party militarily invading an independent state without consent of the ‘legitimate’ government to rescue people from grossly violations of their human rights by their government. As Archibugi (2004: 2-3) observed, these interventions could be machineries for the extension of liberal ideas of the West in countries of the South controlled by ‘undemocratic governments with weak military capacities and economies. Ethics and moral justification concepts in humanitarian intervention gained prominence after the cold war in international relations when these interventions went side by side with armed forces for the first time. Viewed through ethical lens, the interventions are in a quagmire of conflict between the world’s responsibility to protect and promote fundamental human rights which are universal and the obl igation to respect state sovereignty, the basis for international order (Hoffman in Chesterman et al. 2001:277). Humanitarian intervention parse has continued to be a disputed concept in the contemporary world of politics (see Chandler 2004: 60) largely informed by events following Operation Allied Force (OAF) in Kosovo by North Atlantic Treaty Organisation forces (NATO) in 1999 and the Operation Freedom (OF) of 2003 in Iraq (Bellamy 2006: 12) all led by the United States (US) and

Schumann and Stravinsky Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Schumann and Stravinsky - Research Paper Example In the 1830s he started writing piano miniatures which were extraordinary. Also it was during this time that he made his debut as a music critic and started his own journal, which became the focus of his efforts. In this journal he championed composers who had talent, and established a canon of Romantic music. It was also during these years that he composed his masterpieces; Carnaval, for piano and Dichterliebe. In 1840 he married Clara Wieck, a talented pianist inducing an element of stability in his life however this was also when his mental health started to deteriorate. His failure at opera, Genoveva, in 1843 caused him a great disappointment after which his mental state continued to deteriorate. After an attempt at suicide in 1854 he voluntarily entered an asylum. It was here that he passed away in 1856 (Worthen, 2007). In mid June 1882, Igor Fedorovich Stravinsky was born in a town near St. Petersburg in Russia. From a small age he was surrounded by music mostly because his fat her was a star singer of the Imperial Opera. When he was 9 he started piano lessons and studied music throughout his early life. In 1902 he, like Schumann, pursued a law degree however music was where his real interest was. Also just like Schumann, he started his musical career as a amateur pianist and was bilingual. Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov, his teacher started giving him regular lesson from 1905 till 1908. Although Stravinsky’s first composition was that of a Symphony, which he wrote in 1906, it was The Firebird, a ballet composed in 1910, which put him under the spotlight. This was followed by Petrushka, which like The Firebird was a modern composition of something which was fundamentally Russian. It was his third ballet, The Rite of Spring which established his name as one of the well known composers of the age. In 1920 he moved to France and formed a partnership with the company that manufactured pianos, Pleyel. During 1939 he delivered lectures in Harvard and was already working on his symphony in C. This was meant for the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. It was in this year that he moved to United States and married one again. He was on the set of the Paramount Pictures in 1956, where he recorded the musical score for the production â€Å"The Court Jester†. An incorporation of many of the modern classical styles of music was a major part of Stravinsky’s professiona l life. In 1959, he received the Sonning Award, which is one of Denmark’s highest honors. He returned to Leningrad to do a series of concerts in 1962. It was in 1971 that he died at the age of 88 and was buried in Venice. The piece I have chosen from Schumann’s compositions is Fantasy for Violin and Orchestra Op. 131 played by Arnold Katz. There are several key differences between this composition and Stravinsky’s ‘Rite of Spring’. These differences also go to reflect the major changes in music over the passage of time, more specifically from the Romantic era to the Neoclassical era. You see, Schumann’s composition comprises of the key characteristics being reflected in his work. These are those of highlighting the orchestra’s highly praised 2009 Beethoven cycle. A key characteristic of Schumann’s work is a reflection of the love of nature. You see the romantic era was all about the critical

Public administration work placement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Public administration work placement - Essay Example rrent models of knowledge and models within Public Sector administration are largely considered as robust and effective in terms of helping to achieve the required level of professional practice as well as others. These models and body of knowledge include many important elements such as publicity as the tool to achieve the desired level of accountability and transparency in the public administrative processes can effectively serve as one of the strong knowledge based tools to inform the practioners of public administration and others of the possible outcome of their behaviors while on the job. These models focus on bringing transparency and accountability for those who practice it whereas for others, this may not seem to be the direct purpose of the models and body of knowledge therefore in that sense, public administration models may not inform properly to others especially about how they can produce a reflexive capability to view and inform. Public administration provides many skills and competencies which can be effectively transferred to other in the field. Take an example of Publicity- Nordic countries almost many years ago have initiated the publicity as one of the most effective tools to bring in transparency into the public officials. By openly circulating the details of Parliamentary proceedings, they developed a system where the public administrators were effectively held accountable by the general public regarding their actions. Therefore publicity is one such very important transferable skill and competency within public administration which can help achieve the necessary communication into the academic communication and other fields. It must also be noted that public administration tends to have a beurucratic outlook as it mainly deals with the organizations which are bureactic in nature therefore dissemination of knowledge through effective communication is different from the mainstream administrative models and practices however â€Å"This type of

See Description Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

See Description - Research Paper Example The paper would be critically looking at the ‘Child Protection Agency’ to find how successful it has been in tackling the challenges of the time. The welfare of the children has long been considered as the sole concern of the parents and the family with little intervention from the government. In the olden times, the corporal punishment inflicted on children was taken as justified actions of the father or parents and there was huge exploitation of children in the cases of inheritance, property cases and custodian rights. In the later 19th century, the English Common Law was introduced to include the inheritance and property cases and later expanded to take into account the wider interests of the children through Custody of Infants Act. The American colonies of 18th century followed the English Laws and especially emphasized two aspects of children related policies: ‘the common law rules of family government; and the traditions and child-care practices of the Elizabethan Poor Laws of 1601’ (Thomas, p. 299). In 1875, Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (SPCC) was founded in New York. It was dominated by the white population and targeted black families that resulted in huge number of black children separated from their family. In 1909, the White House acknowledged that ‘home life is the highest and finest product of civilization. It is the great molding force of mind and of character’(Tanenhaus, p. 550). Thus, the 20th century say dramatic shift in the outlook of children’s protection that was shifted from the family and private child protection services to government sponsored agencies with tremendous changes in the overall perspective to the children’s welfare. In 1912, Children’s Bureau was established to manage children’s welfare of the federal government. Social Security Act in 1958 made it a state subject and mandated funding of the child protection efforts

MARKETTING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

MARKETTING - Essay Example Moreover, IKEA’s designs and variety were superb and the company always had the ability to adapt to the local environment (Gordon, 2004). 2. IKEA’s marketing strategy revolves around getting closer to the customers. IKEA often invites customers to its stores, makes them spend some time there in return of gifts and let them have a unique enjoyable experience instead of a shopping chore. When the story picks up in the press, it attracts more shoppers, more sales and more buzz. This cycle ensures the success of IKEA’s marketing strategy (Bloomberg, 2005). 3. IKEA’s target market segment in U.S. is the middle class people who aspire to be stylish and cool. IKEA’s products are not about tradition or conservatism. This cool quotient can be noticed in the design and layout of its products and stores (Bloomberg, 2005). 4. IKEA should position its stores in the United States as places for great shopping experience for middle classes and especially youngsters. Its aim should not be to overhaul current players in the furniture or other industries. IKEA should rather try and create a special space or niche for itself. 5. Till now IKEA has faced a few issues in expansion in the US market. This has primarily been because the US customers in general prefer ready to made products and can’t wait for a few days for them to be assembled. This is contradictory to IKEA’s core business philosophy and manufacturing strategy. IKEA has tackled this challenge by adapting a fifth of its product range according to US customers’ needs (Gordon,

EU Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

EU Law - Essay Example The first elections of the European parliament â€Å"by direct universal suffrage† took place in June 1979 (Europa, 2007). Since then these elections take place every five years giving more strength and responsibility to the Parliament. In European Union, EP is the only directly elected body. Every five year, 27 member states select 736 Members, which represent 500 million people of EU (EuroParl, 2011a). It covers every sphere of EU’s citizens life; civil, social, political, economical and environmental. Its domain of control is huge. Gradually EU’s parliament has gained a position of â€Å"co legislator† for all the new laws and amendments. Few people say that it has given increased powers and it can exercise it anywhere it wants. It has given supervisory powers in law making; even the Central bank cannot select its president without EU’s Parliaments assent. EuroParl (2011a) writes, â€Å"The European Parliament and the Council must adhere to the annual spending limits laid down in the multiannual financial perspective.† It has all the controlling power in monetary matters. It can also set up inquiries over controversial matters. EuroParl (2011b) writes, â€Å"With the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty, the Parliament became a true co-legislator for the EU's entire annual budget, deciding on it in close collaboration with the Council.† The whole document is repeatedly filled with such sentences. â€Å"The European Parliament and the Council may, by means of directives adopted in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure, establish†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ... In 1990, unification of Germany took place. On the other hand, Treaty of European Union, the new treaty was negotiated by the members of the EU, taking place at Maastricht in Dec 1991. It was put to force in Nov 1993. EP’s role under Maastricht Treaty stretched and each citizen regardless of its nationality was given the right to vote in the elections of the European Parliament. During March 2000, EU wore a new, modernized face enabling Europe to emerge as a giant business Union, concerning many other issues like, education, information, environment, unemployment etc. People, who were voters of EU were getting really restless demanding their Governments to find real solutions of their problems. EU has been evolving ever since it came into being along with its parliament’s powers and functions. This enhanced cooperation procedure, introduced firstly in Amsterdam treaty, has come a long way and literally plays a role in most of the EU matters. EU’s parliament eithe r has to give consent or has to be kept informed throughout. The main provision of Nice treaty was to change the decision-making process to make it more democratic. French and Dutch voters discarded the constitutional treaty and took 18 months to process the reforms. In December 2007 Lisbon treaty was signed by all the EU members and it is currently being endorsed. This treaty gave increased powers to European parliament at three fronts; Legislative, budgetary and supervisory powers. Witte, et al. (2010, pp.67) states, â€Å"Lisbon treaty has entrusted the EP with more active role in law making.† Enhanced co operation procedure was initiated in 1987, in which EP was free to give opinions and regulate directives proposed by the EC and

Answers to Essay Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Answers to Essay Questions - Assignment Example Although economic prosperity was the main motivation behind the move to the West, Native Americans actually suffered deeply during the process due to the struggle with the settlers. After the Civil War, Native Americans confronted a growing wave of settlers, who represented various social classes, including prospectors, ranchers, and farm families (Lincoln, 1997). One of the main problems at that time was that the newcomers brought with them many new diseases that ravaged the tribes. In addition, settlers damaged the Native American economy in many ways, such as by killing off the buffalo, which was one of the main economic resources of Native Americans. Consequently, Native Americans decided to defend their lands and their ways of life against the oncoming settlers. They were engaged in fierce battles during the 1860s and 1870s (Lincoln, 1997). However, lack of resources and spread of diseases led to sharp decreases of the population and power of the tribes. Hence, new settlers succ eeded in stabilizing their existence in Western territories, mainly in Oklahoma, Wyoming, and the Dakotas, challenging the traditional Native American way of life. In this context, it has to be stated that railroads played a major role in the development of the region during that time. Essentially, building of the railroads spurred western settlement, as in 1862, Congress gave permission to the construction of two main railroads to link the Midwest and the West Coast. Those two main railroads are The Union Pacific Railroad, which extended westward from Nebraska; and the Central Pacific Railroad, which went eastward from the Pacific Ocean (Lincoln, 1997). These two railroads met at Promontory Summit, Utah, in 1869, signifying a new era in Western history. Indeed, the expansion of railroads was strongly encouraged by Federal and state governments. This sincere belief in the extreme economic importance of railroads pushed Congress to authorize the building of the transcontinental railr oad in 1862, although this authorization let them agree to loan hundreds of millions of dollars to the two corporations to construct it. In addition, Congress agreed also to give the railroad companies millions of acres of Western land, which the railroads sold to repay their loans. In that sense, many historians argue that such major railroad companies, with the federal support they got, were the actual colonizers of the West (Lincoln, 1997). To visualize the role of railroads in encouraging migration to the West, it is important to refer to the fact that railroads provided free trips to the West and offered long-term loans to settlers. Hence, it can be concluded that railroads played significant roles in the process of settlers’ migration to the West after the civil war. American foreign policy prior to World War I led it to acquire overseas territory, build the Panama Canal, and police Latin America. How did these events come about? What justifications did Americans use fo r these actions? Were these actions justifiable? Prior to World War I, the United States pursued an aggressive policy of expansionism, acquiring overseas territories and extending its political and economic influence around the globe. Historically, the United States

The courts decisions over the last thwenty five years or so reveal a Essay

The courts decisions over the last thwenty five years or so reveal a remarkably confusing approach to the purpose of cross-examination under s1(f)(ii)Criminal E - Essay Example gainst the national interest are easy to fathom and understand but lately, especially the last two decades, court decisions that require adjudication of cases in which the good or the bad moral character of the defendant is relevant to the resolution of the facts in issue, had been murky and muddled that students of law are often left befuddled. This is to be expected as the allowance of evidence of the bad or good moral character of the accused is fully in the discretion of the judges.3 Some jurors disallow hearing of evidence of the character of the accused on the pretext that it is irrelevant to the case. According to Elliott, â€Å"evidence is relevant when it has a tendency in reason to establish the probability or improbability of a fact in issue†4 Relevancy or the materiality to the issue of fact raised in the pleadings is extremely important because if evidence is relevant as well as competent, then that evidence is admissible. What is then relevant and thus admissible is therefore, dependent on the juror’s discretion. All that the court has to say after it refuses admittance of evidence is that it does so â€Å"in the interest of justice by virtue of Criminal Justice Act 1988 section 25(1).5 Wigmore’s Axiom of Admissibility which is supposed to facilitate the judges’ exercise of their discretion to allow or disallow admission of evidence as to the good or bad character of the accused merely confuse the judges and everybody else. According to Wigmore, what can be admitted are only facts with rational probative value unless some specific rule clearly forbids its admission. Again the term ‘rational probative value’ is dependent on the interpretation of each judge. The Alfred Altmore Pope Foundation case tersely expresses this dilemma: No precise and universal test of relevancy is furnished by the law but the determination of whether particular evidence is relevant rests largely on the discretion of the court, which must be exercised

The way in which the theme of prejudice is presented Essay Example for Free

The way in which the theme of prejudice is presented Essay From your reading of the novel so far, (up to and including chapter four), comment on the way in which the theme of prejudice is presented. The subject of prejudice is one of the major themes throughout the novel Of Mice and Men. There are three main characters that suffer prejudice from others, although this isnt always intentional. Crooks, Candy and Curleys wife are all examples of characters that are discriminated against, whether because of race, sex, age or appearance. Lennie receives some prejudice, however not nearly as much as the others. Candy is the oldest of all the ranch workers, and has lost his hand (presumably in a working accident), so therefore is resigned to be the swamper, as he cant do anything more. Because of this, he is isolated from the other workers in the bunkhouse due to his age and disability, and has become incredibly lonely. Candy is one of the three pairings in the novel, a relationship that is quickly destroyed. At the start of the novel, he is not as lonely as his old sheepdog provides company for him so his seclusion does not affect him hugely. However, in chapter 3, the other members of the group pressure him into allowing Carlson to shoot his dog, on the basis that he Dont know nothing that stinks so bad as an old dog. Although Candy loves his dog and doesnt want it dead, he eventually gives up and allows Carlson to take away his dog and shoot it. This shows how desperate he is for the other workers to like him more: that he would allow his only real friend on the ranch to be killed just to please the others in the bunkhouse. This also shows the amount of prejudice Candy suffers: it was inevitable that his dog was going to be killed, and if it had come to it he probably would have had no say in the matter. The event is foreshadowing of the fact that Candy is also old, and he too will die sooner than any of the other men. Further prejudice is seen as Slim offers him another dog from his new litter of puppies. The other ranch workers cannot see his misery, and treat him more like an animal by simply offering to replace what has been lost. Another of the victims of prejudice is Curleys wife, who is never given a name during the novel, to show that she has become one of Curleys possessions in the eyes of the workers, and, like all women, could never be treated as an equal. She is treated very harshly, suffering much verbal violence, for example being referred to as a bitch, tramp, poison, jailbait and a looloo. Most of these names are said in a cruel way, however some are merely how the workers refer to all women in general. Because of the neglect that she is given by everyone on the ranch, she dresses flamboyantly in order to gain some of the attention that she craves. She is said to have full, rouged lips and wide-spaced eyes, heavily made up. She wears a lot of red, which is a symbol of danger and also is a vibrant colour that may get her noticed. Also, it is very similar to a description of Mae West a film star at the time. When Curleys wife first meets George and Lennie she put her hands behind her back and leaned against the door frame so that her body was thrown forward. This is done only so that people will notice her for her good looks and therefore (she hopes) will pay her some attention. Instead they are all rude to her behind her back as their only real experience with women is at the local brothel, where women are treated more as objects, and so because of this, the workers associate her with prostitution and treat her with no respect. Like most women, she is considered to have hidden dangers; one of the ranchers describes how Andys in San Quentin now on account of a tart. Lennie, although he receives a small amount of prejudice, still holds some respect, as the other workers fear his strength, especially after he crushes Curleys hand. However, behind his back, references are often made about the fact that George and him travel together, implying that he wouldnt be able to do anything on his own and George himself says many times how childlike and dependant he is. A character that receives a large amount of discrimination is Crooks, simply because he is black. Much of this is not intentional, names such as nigger are common language to use amount the ranch workers, and they use it without considering the affect it has on Crooks feelings. He is treated terribly in the novel and is forced to live in a small shed with the animals. He has become a proud, aloof man and is rude to everyone as they are rude to him. He is clearly very lonely, and for good reason- the only time that he is allowed into the bunkhouse with the others is at Christmas so that they can beat him up, and get pleasure out of watching him behave like an animal. The only people in the book who dont instantly discriminate him because he is a nigger are Candy and Lennie, Lennie only because he doesnt know how. Crooks is still bitter and rude to them though, because he is afraid of being friendly to people because he no longer trusts anyone to return the friendliness. When Lennie comes into Crooks makeshift home, Crooks is instantly very rude to him. However, when Candy also wants to talk to him, Crooks found it hard to conceal his pleasure with anger, showing that Crooks actually enjoyed the company. He starts to come out of his shell and even asks to be part of Lennies dream, but then Curleys wife enters and is met with nothing but rude comments. This causes her to become defensive and she is very scornful to Crooks, causing him to retire into the terrible protective dignity of the negro. He is put in his place, and refuses to be part of the dream, because, as he says, I wouldn want to go no place like that.

How Charles Dickens shows Miss Havisham change over the novel Essay Example for Free

How Charles Dickens shows Miss Havisham change over the novel Essay How does Dickens show the change in Miss Havisham over the course of the novel?  Great Expectation is about a young boy named Pip and follows him throughout his life. Pip meets Miss Havisham a lady with a broken heart who has an adopted daughter named Estella, Estella is a pretty young girl that pip falls in love with. A close analysis of the novel reveals Miss Havisham is not the person she is perceived to be. The bitter and vengeful Miss Havisham is one of the main characters in Dickens novel Great Expectations. She is central to the novel and holds the plot together. Dickens waits until Chapter 8 to introduce the character to the reader, like Pip we are scared and frightened when we meet her for the first time. I should have cried out, if I could. This shows that Miss Havisham intimidates Pip; and as a result, we fear for Pip; and are also uncomfortable as readers. Also, the word haunting is associated when we think of Miss Havisham. This is because of her ghostly appearance, her disturbed state of mind, and the way she haunts Pip. If we are to say haunting is when someone/something has a lasting, negative effect on something, it is evidently shown that Miss Havisham is a gothic, disturbing, melancholic character. Dickens uses descriptive writing to describe Miss Havisham as a wealthy, well dressed woman in rich materials satins, and lace, and silk. Dickens uses imagery of luxury and opulence to give a clear picture in the readers mind about how Miss Havisham is dressed. Dickens also uses a simile withered like the dress to show how Miss Havisham has been trapped in time and grown old and decayed along with her white wedding dress, also reflecting her mental state. Dickens presents her to be a living dead, waxwork and skeleton as there is nothing healthy in her. She has allowed herself to get wasted and now she looks more dead than alive. Both Miss Havisham and her adopted daughter Estella, manipulate Pip for their own sick fancys. Miss Havisham states to Pip that her heart has been broken and she wants diversion. She also has had enough of men and women therefore, enclosing herself in her house. Miss Havisham was jolted at the altar by the man she thought she loved. As a result of her heartache and pain, she stopped the clocks at twenty to nine, and left the house and herself exactly the way it was on that day; never seen the sun since you were born. In addition, Miss Havisham uses Estella as a ploy, to seek revenge on all males. Estella is a young lady, who is very pretty. Estella is very rude and patronises Pip. She calls him by the name of boy which makes us feel sorry for Pip and dislike Estella. Estella known to be a beautiful, self possessed, scornful young lady makes Pip aware of his common working class background. He is powerfully attractive to the mysterious ways of Satis House and Estella. He accepts her cruelty as he truly loves her, he follows her taunting and harshness and wishes to become a rich gentlemen; to please Estella and to stop her name calling and for her not see him as coarse, rough boy. This is when Pip wants to higher his social class, starting the course of Great Expectations. Miss Havisham is the feeder to the way Pip thinks and manipulates him into thinking that she is the benefactor for him becoming a gentleman living in London. She leads him to believe this by slyly hinting that she knows more. Mr Jaggers is your guardian I understand? This makes pip believe that it is her that is helping him to becoming a gentleman. Although in the end we find out it is a convicted he helped when he was younger. Satis House, the reflection of Miss Havishams state of mind in every crevice; decaying. She has enclosed herself within the walls of Satis House letting no outside world in. The only way you can get in is through the front gate which is guarded at all times. The house remains to be the exact same as when she left it. The garden with trees fluctuated everywhere, grass in every crevice. This shows that its hasnt been cared for, just like Miss Havisham hasnt. The interior is also decaying. In Chapter 11, Pip goes into her room and sees a A bride-cake. Mine! that was seeming to grow. It is as if it is a part of her, a part of her past and past happiness that has gone. This makes the reader feel sorry for her, as she is truly heartbroken. Miss Havisham has been presented by Dickens as a cold, heartless character, only thinking about herself. Dickens makes us believe this by the way Estella is treated by her; the way Miss Havisham uses her to break all males hearts. Love her, love her, love her! Miss Havisham tells pip with passionate eagerness whatever Estella does he will love her. She curses him like a evil persuasive witch doing a spell. This shows that she focuses on one thing and must live up to a target; it is an unhealthy love its like obsession. Estella now cant love; she doesnt know how to love. Estella cant even love her Miss Havisham. This all changes in chapters 38 and 49 Miss Havisham feels guilty for making Estella becomes a cold heartless person. However, when Estella rebels to her adopted mother, Miss Havisham is truly sorry for her harsh actions what have I done? She says this repeated several times, truly sorry. As she has no idea what she has done wrong. Miss Havisham cant die without knowing she is forgiven. Dickens has shown he unmarried contradictory character Miss Havisham, has gone through many changes throughout the novel. Although Great Expectation is a novel about Pips life, it includes Terror, love, drama, and excitement; these factors of the novel are part of how Miss Havisham has changed.Towards the end of the novel in chapter 49 Dickens use of ominous language prepares the reader the Miss Havishams death. Funeral music, the cathedral chimes All these quotes prepare the reader for something to go wrong, like a death is going to occur. Dickens also explains when he walks pasted the priory garden, seemed to call to me that the place was changed this shows the future will change by a death. Miss Havishams death made a big difference to the novel. In chapter 49 Miss Havisham dies after server burns from an accidental fire. Her death is very painful. She was shrieking, with a whirl of fire blazing all about her, this death in some ways seems to release her from all her hurt and pain. The fire is symbolic; pip dragged the heap of rottenness in the midst, and all the ugly things that sheltered there. This shows it dragged all the decay and the living death away. The fire ended it all.   In conclusion to this Miss Havisham has changed from an evil witch who only thinks about herself to a woman who feels guilty for all the things she has done.

Muriel Tipalet Cigar Advertisement

Muriel Tipalet Cigar Advertisement This Examined essay analyzes an advertisement of Muriel Tiplat Cigar , with the use of semiotics and stereotyping , the start of this analysis will emphasis on semiotics by showing the process of connotation in the advertisement leading to the identifying of the signs used ( indexical , arbitrary , iconic ) and by connecting them to Barthes mythologies further to how combining these signs creates a cultural paradigm , in addition to this analysis will show how syntagmatic relations in an advertisement have a significant role in invoking the audience. subsequently an analysis on the same advertisement by the use of stereo typing will be conducted relating both on how they affect the consumer visual abstract of the product with the conclusion of how booth aspects have positively and negatively affected the foreplay of the advertisement not to mention the cultural significant role of the timeline which the advertisement was produced at â€Å"1970† .Books and journals are the primary sources of this coursework essay where as Internet is a secondary source, this essay is a research essay relying on accurate facts with adequate referencing. Introduction: â€Å"Advertisers in general bear a large part of the responsibility for the deep feelings of inadequacy that drive women to psychiatrists, pills, or the bottle. (Marya Mannes,But Will It Sell?: 1964) If a woman is reading the above statement she couldnt agree any less, the shrewd words of the American writer and critic Mannes have ironically drawn how media affects our lives, critics and commenters from every discipline have seized with advertisings potential power. It has been called â€Å" the most potent influence in adapting and changing habits and modes of life , affecting what we eat and the work and play for the whole nation. â€Å"(Fox, 1984, p.97) particularly women and especially through advertisement. advertising are predisposed to follow basic format: a slogan, striking image, drawing. Anything that would grasp peoples attention, the body of an advertisement contains factual information about the product or the purpose of the ad where as the logo reinforces the brand /companies identity, even though we may look at an advertisement for two seconds it leaves a mark in our minds and attaches us somehow to the brand or the product. But when analyzing on a much deeper visual level, an analyses must use a deeper perspective and in this analysis Semiotic and stereotype approach is going to be applied. â€Å"Semiotics; Semiology is the study of signs, or of the social production of meaning by sign systems, of how things come to significance† Semiotics, or semiology, is usually traced back to Swiss linguistFerdinand de Saussure, American philosopherCharles Sanders Peirce and French linguist Roland Barthes.† (TMSB, 2006, P: 12) All signs have two aspects: thesignifierand thesignified. The signifier is any material thing that signifies, for example words on a page, a facial expression, a picture, a bit of graffiti. The signified is the concept that a signifier refers to (Kevelson;1977,72 ). The basic, most essential form of sign, that is, of the relation of signifier to signified, isdenotation nearly, the factual meaning of a sign. But semiotics starts to get appealing when it exploresconnotation which involve signifying signs, signs that become the signifier for a second signified, and this is how advertising appeal to us. Using the below advertising a semiotic and stereotyping analysis is going to undertake; this advertisement is the publication of Muriel Tipalet cigar. Date of Publishing: 1970.[1] Semiotic Approach: This advertisement rather playfully foregrounds the process of connotation. One of the first things that catch many peoples eyes when they look at this ad is the smoke which is an indexical sign (a sign where the signifier is caused by the signified) which is the cigar. This image, combined with the words (arbitrary sign) on it,denotes, a sexual indication between the man smoking the cigar and the women, this way to attract â€Å"male audience† and using that when the women inhales the smoke of the Tipalet cigar shell follow him anywhere. In addition to the use of the iconic signs the photos of both the man and women resembling and combing it with â€Å"Barthes Mythologies: that every man should be with a glamorous woman and every woman should be glamorous.† (TMSB, 2006, P: 22) In addition to that the rich attractive description of the cigar at the right bottom of the ad attracts audience especially in using words like â€Å"Delicious in taste, in aroma â€Å"(symbolic signs).The use of colors as well is eye catching the yellow background with the colorful cigar packs; this definitely draws more attention to the advertisement and works as a foreplay of convincing the consumer to buy this product. Jointly, all these signs suggesting cigar, sexual relationships form a cultural paradigm, collection of signs which appeal to each other because they are culturally, or paradigmatically, related; Actually putting together two or more elements from a paradigm normally invokes, in the viewers mind. â€Å"With the exception of advertisements that actually give us factual information about a product that we dont already know plugging a product into culturally desirable paradigms, encouraging us to connotatively associate a product with other things we value, is the basic strategy of almost all brand-name product advertising today†(Jones,1999,115).As its shown in this ad the combining of the iconic, arbitrary and indexical signs is a way of persuasiveness, and this is why the ad must rely on another kind of semiotic structure besides paradigmatic relations to make its message work, using syntagmatic relations, If paradigmatic relations make meaning by way of shared cultural associations, women à   men à   relationships then syntagmatic relations are those in which the sequence of signs creates meaning. The cleverness in this ad is the establishment of avisualsequence that builds a clear relationship to reality and connects a pack of cigars to a lifetime situation but yet with their â€Å"product† the man is assured to get what he wants (the women), And thus, the advertisers are capable to relate their Cigars, not only with paradigms of relationships, life, sex, but with amazingly taste and satisfaction as well. Stereotype approach: Visual representation of reality, as seen through mass media, is accredited by sociologists to be significant in shaping peoples views of the world. Our everyday realities are expressed mostly by what we see in the media. The role of advertising in this construal of reality is crucial. The target audiences self-identification with the images being a basic condition for an advertisements effectiveness, makes advertising one of the most important factors in the building of behavior models and values systems. â€Å"Media stereotypes are inevitable, especially in the advertising, entertainment and news industries, which need as wide an audience as possible to quickly understand information. Stereotypes act like codes that give audiences a quick, common understanding of a person or group of people ;usually relating to their class, ethnicity or race, gender, sexual orientation, social role or occupation† ( Media Awerness:2009) Gender stereotypes in society, reflected in advertising, are so familiar we hardly notice them: v The male ‘hunk, pursuer of women v The female ‘babe, seductress v The father wage earner head of the household v The housewife/mother figure protector of home and children The following table shows how common stereotypes relate and affect to Muriel Tipalet Cigars Ad/Consumer: Common and Related Stereotype. Relation to the Muriel Ad and Advertisement Generally. Influence on the consumer. Women are dependent on men. In the advertisement you can see by the use of the quote â€Å"blow in her face and shell follow you anywhere â€Å"that the man is holding the dominant role and upon his order, shell follow. â€Å"Its like women are treated like children; In 1973-1974 study by Erving goffman he concludes that women are weekend by advertising portrayals in the 1970s, ads are highly ritualized versions of the parent-child relationship, with women treated largely as children and that is diminishment damaging† (Goffman:1979,27) It creates a dilemma of temptation to the Male consumer, since every man wants women to follow his lead and demands. A good way to attract the male consumer rather than the female consumer. Women are beautiful and are sex objects. In the advertisement the female used in the image is a beautiful brunette with the perfect â€Å"media† image: In more sense â€Å"Portrayals of women in advertising are not potentially debilitating and demanding, they are also inaccurate. We dont have demography of demigoddesses. Women today (and during the time frame of many of the research studies) are considerably more than flawless decorative objects , depended upon or defined by men† (Creedon:1993,201) A good way to attract male consumers and convince where as it creates a social conflict to the female society and their need to be appealing to me, living up to the standards of these beautiful women in advertisements. Cigarettes make you â€Å"Hip† or â€Å" Interesting â€Å" â€Å"Within two avenues of advertising, tobacco and alcohol product marketing, there are a variety of layered issues surfaced in ad imagery. Gender representation and roles, values of age and class, representations of race, political and sexual orientation, fashion, sexuality, health and disease, drugs, fetishism, exoticism and colonialism are but a smattering of issues raised in these two categories of advertising. Not surprisingly, these advertisements are targeted towards a large consumer group, one might say toward society at large, since their effect is to teach children how to be as adults, to suggest to adults how to be hip, and to show seniors how hip they once were and could still be. This is not to say that all groups are pictured in these advertisements. But all groups can have associations through them, wanting to be like those consuming glamorously, even though reality may be that the purchasing consumer may not be of the same ethnic type, physical build, gender, or so cial status of the figure experiencing pleasure in the advertisement.†( Gender Issues in Visual Media : David Jacobs) Everyone is craving for the long lasting young hip life , so by giving the assumption that the Muriel Cigarette will grant that in a way , it will attract consumers on a wider range and age group. Every man should be masculine. The look on the man face in the Muriel advertising indicates, the mysterious , attractive guy: A way of suggesting that not only women should be attractive but men as well.† The Traditional role as ‘a man as masculine and the women as feminine is constantly reinforced in Advertising. To attract consumers as the cigar will make them more attractive to women , and that these cigars will enhance his look-wise role in the society. Men are dominant over women. Males are depicted as ‘authority figures in 60% of commercials. Women were used in 21% of Radio Advertising for voice overs.(Ref) In this Cigar the dominance of the male character is shown by the use of the slogan â€Å"blow in her face and shell follow you anywhere â€Å" its giving the male the suggestion of empowerment over the women and by that its combing both the stereotype of the dominance of the male and the sexual aspect of female , concluding by the abidance of the female to the male . Not to mention the cultural paradigm this advertising was published at 1970, where women still didnt have their voice empowered over the media . A way to attract male consumer into giving them the suggestion that these cigar will give you the dominance over women , and that will follow you around . Conclusion: â€Å"It must be said that without advertising we would have a far different nation, and one that would be much the poorer-not merely in material commodities, but in the life of the spirit.† (Leo Burnett on the American Association or Advertising Agencies 50th anniversary, April 20,1967) To conclude, media analysis is systematic and objective, it begins by defining a set of signs and decode them to a cultural system and interpret them to how the audience is addressed particularly in advertising (Grossberg: 1998, 156), in addition to that semiotic emphasizes that our perception of reality itself is constructed and shaped by the words and the signs we use, We are nurtured daily with the male and female stereotype so it is no wonder that we react with fear or shock or disbelief or unacceptance when we dont see the typical male or female stereotype. The Advertising Industry continues to follow rigid stereotypes because we are brought up with them and it is too difficult to exert something different than the accepted stereotype. whether we admit it or not we re using semiotics and stereotyping in every second that is passing. In addition to the fact that â€Å" There is a constant presence of media in our everyday lives , as we switch in and out , on and off , from one media space to one media connection to another , from radio , to newspaper , to telephone . From television, to Hi-fi, to Internet, in pubic, in private, alone and with others† (Silverstone, 1999, P: 6). â€Å"We cannot evade media presence, media representation. We have come to depend on our media , both printed and electronic , for pleasures and information , for comfort and security , for some sense of the continuities of experience and from time to time also for the intensities of experience†(Silverstone,1999,P:1/2) Bibliography: Books: 1. Branston, G / Stafford, R. 2006, The Medias Student Book, 4th edition, originally published on 1996, London and New York, Routledge. 2. Grossberg, L/ Wartella, E / Whitney, D, 1998, Media Making: Mass Media in a Popular Culture, London, Sage. 3. Silverstone R, 1999, Why Study the Media, London, Sage. Internet: 4. Quote Garden, Quotes about Advertising, Marya Mannes, 1964. http://www.quotegarden.com/advertising.html 5. Streeter T , University of Vermont ( 18th april/2005) http://www.uvm.edu/~tstreete/semiotics_and_ads/the_sign.html 6. Alouette, Amazing old fashioned advertisement, June 26th /2007. http://www.unsoughtinput.com/index.php/2007/06/26/amusing-old-fashioned- advertisements-cigarette-ads/ [1] Alouette, Amazing old fashioned advertisement, June 26th /2007.(Date Accessed : 31st Oct /2009) http://www.unsoughtinput.com/index.php/2007/06/26/amusing-old-fashioned-advertisements-cigarette-ads/

Othello: How does it Measure Up? :: Othello essays

Othello: How does it Measure Up?  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   The inconsistent ranking by critics of the Bard of Avon’s tragic play Othello is the subject matter of this essay. Let’s study the possible causes of this problem.    The ranking of this famous play is not cut and dried, totally clarified and undebated. A. C. Bradley, in his book of literary criticism, Shakespearean Tragedy, describes the equivocal ranking which some critics give this play:    Or is there a justification for the fact – a fact it certainly is – that some readers, while acknowledging, of course, the immense power of Othello, and even admitting that it is dramatically perhaps Shakespeare’s greatest triumph, still regard it with a certain distaste, or, at any rate, hardly allow it a place in their minds beside Hamlet, King Lear and Macbeth? (173-74)    To many of the audience, Othello would appear to have a beauty about it which is hard to match – thus ranking the play high. Helen Gardner in â€Å"Othello: A Tragedy of Beauty and Fortune† touches on this beauty which enables this play to stand above the other tragedies of the Bard:    Among the tragedies of Shakespeare Othello is supreme in one quality: beauty. Much of its poetry, in imagery, perfection of phrase, and steadiness of rhythm, soaring yet firm, enchants the sensuous imagination. This kind of beauty Othello shares with Romeo and Juliet and Antony and Cleopatra; it is a corollary of the theme which it shares with them. But Othello is also remarkable for another kind of beauty. Except for the trivial scene with the clown, all is immediately relevant to the central issue; no scene requires critical justification. The play has a rare intellectual beauty, satisfying the desire of the imagination for order and harmony between the parts and the whole. Finally, the play has intense moral beauty. It makes an immediate appeal to the moral imagination, in its presentation in the figure of Desdemona of a love which does not alter ‘when it alteration finds’, but ‘bears it out even to the edge of doom’. (139)    The play is so quotable; consider Desdemona’s opening lines before the Council of Venice: â€Å"My noble father, / I do perceive here a divided duty,† or Othello’s last words: â€Å"Killing myself, to die upon a kiss.† Could the continuing reputation of Othello be attributed to the quotable â€Å"ultimate form† in which the Bard of Avon expressed his ideas?

The Preconditions of Social Identity of a Small State in Transition to

The Preconditions of Social Identity of a Small State in Transition to Democracy ABSTRACT: The definition of social identity consists of two parts. First, it means protection against threats to the nation’s existence and well-being. Second, it means the search for measures and possibilities to achieve the goals of social development and improvement. Social identity implies the creation and preservation of conditions in which each citizen can develop as educated, creative and responsible persons. Today, especially for nations throughout the former Soviet Union, the chief danger to social identity lies in the adverse conditions of continued underdevelopment. It follows that for these nations, identity means first of all development. The essential condition for a small nation’s identity and survival is based on the people’s resolution to rely on themselves and to envision the potential for their own country. The modern strategy for ensuring social identity would essentially rely on the principle that every citizen is part of the national identit y, i.e., its active agent. For this reason, of central importance is the creation of equal starting possibilities (equality of opportunities) for everyone. An essential point of departure for an examination of our subject is the definition of social identity and its principal connotations. Both external and internal threats to social identity can arise, although our interest must be limited to the consideration of internal threats. Today, especially for nations throughout the former Soviet Union, the chief danger to social identity lies in the adverse conditions of continued underdevelopment. It follows that for our nation nowadays identity first of all means the development. The ... ...ording to V. Havel, "we must all behave as if we could save it". (11) Each one of us must "clean" one square metre around himself or herself. We hope that all this are the difficulties of the beginning new era. NOTES (1) Genocide of Lithuanian People (Vilnius, 1992.), p. 48. (2) Adam Biela, "Mental changes and Social Integration Perspective in Europe: Theoretical Framework and Research Strategies", Journal for Mental Changes, 1 (1995), 10. (3) Ibid, p.7. (4) John Friedmann, "rethinking Poverty: Empowerment and Citizen Rights", International Social Science Journal, 148 (1996), 169. (5) Lithuanian Human Development Report, 1996 (Vilnius, 1996). (6) Ibid., p. 25-26. (7) Ibid., p. 83. (8) Ibid., p. 61. (9) Ibid., p. 45. (10) Ibid., p. 48. (11) Vaclav Havel, Maximilian Schell, "Europe at the Fin se Siecle", Society, 32 (1995), 71.

The Tragedy of Leila in Bone Essays -- Bone Essays

The Tragedy of Leila in Bone      Ã‚  Ã‚   How much responsibility should any child have over their family? In "Bone," by Fae Myenne Ng, a character named Leila is born the daughter of a loving mother, Mah, and a run-out-on-the-family father whom cursed Leila with a last name Fu. As Leila said herself, "Fu in our dialect sounds like the word for bitter" (18). She became the oldest with two other sisters, Ona and Nina, whom both came from Mah's second husband, Leon. Leon loves his biological daughters like a true father should; meanwhile, Leon also loves Leila, his daughter only by marriage to Mah. Leon expresses how much he loves his daughters by saying "Five sons don't make one good daughter" (3), causing a scene in front of people who think that he is unlucky for not being blessed with a single son.    At a very young age Leila was forced to be the sister-in-charge and make decisions that a young girl twice her age would not normally be expected to produce. Mah began working as a seamstress before the girls would wake up, and continue working until after they would fall asle...

Enron And Ethics Essay

Having some detailed written code of ethics like Enron had is usually not enough. Enron had a 64 page code of ethics and incase you might be wondering, the pages were not blank. However, despite this, it went down. The organizations ought to infuse some integrity and ethics in their corporate structure and in their success definition. To be precise, Enron ethics were simply ignored by the management and the employees. In any organization, the functions of any department should be based on ethical values, competence, integrity and a clear accountability of financial matters. Enron totally ignored these functions thus leading to its bankruptcy. As the company’s reputation did grow globally, hence there was competition of the employees therefore leading to individual greed and also the generation of egotism in the company. Every employee wanted to earn more, achieve a lot and hence there was the high motivation by the company to succeed. Such an atmosphere leads to a tendency to distrust people as everybody is concerned with their personal interests. There were so many dealings in the finance section hence the company’s goals were underestimated as well as the business ethics. Therefore it is imperative to give an immense background on Enron’s collapse and various views that can be deducted from its collapse. Enron’s, history, collapse the whistleblowers and conflicts The main issue which led to its downfall lay comfortably in the department of the operations management. At one time the company was receiving lots of praises from outsiders and then it was mounted with a decentralized control in the finance sector and also their decision structure gave an unclear and illogical picture on the activities of the company and its operations. Enron Corporation was one of the largest companies in Houston, Texas which used to sell natural gas, electricity and also distributed energy. It also offered other services for example bandwidth interest connections as well as offering financial services and providing management of risk services globally. The company gradually became powerful due to its initiative marketing strategies as well as the endorsement of communications and power bandwidth services and the offshoots of risk management. All these services got supervised by the department of operations management and other departments. Though the functions of these departments were executive in their nature, there was however lack of responsibility, integrity, control and creativity. The absence of these vital ethics did lead to the entire bankruptcy of the whole company. Kenneth lay who died three months before he was to be finally sentenced was the founder of Enron in the year 1985. He initiated the electricity sale and then afterwards US congress did pass legislation on the deregulation of natural gas. Enron before its collapse could report some annual revenues in the year 1990 of $ 10 billion and in the year 2000 to about $ 101 billion (Mark, 2002). In October 2, 2002, early in the morning, Andrew, Fastow who was Enron’s former chief and the financial officer did voluntarily surrender to the FBI agents and was led in hand cuffs to the car trailed by the television cameras and reporters. He was later taken to federal house and was charged with mail fraud, securities fraud, conspiracy, and money laundering. He was sentenced for ten years (Loren, 2003). In the 1990s, Enron was a universal lauded company that did transform all the old businesses and started creating new ones. However, the criminal complains did cap disclosures and revealed that it was poorly managed and had amplified its reliance on some convoluted business ordeals in order to maintain growth objectives and encourage some unbridled ingenuity that resulted to fraud. It is patent that the company had some poor internal controls and unreliable top managers. Enron came crushing in 2001 and filed for what could have been termed as the nation’s vast bankruptcy. What were the main causes of its down fall? First the financial statements of Enron were not transparent and did not give a clear detail on the finances and operations with analysts and shareholders. Second it had a complex business model that actually stretched on the accounting limits thus required the company to use the limitations of accounting in order to manage on its earnings as well as modify on its balance sheet to limelight a constructive depiction of its whole performance. It is completely patent in the Enron movie; these scandals had grown tremendously out of some steady accumulation of the values. Habits and actions that had already began many years before later going out of control. The top managers who were the whistleblowers like Jeffrey Skilling who was the chairman and Andrew Fastow contributed to the downfall. The auditor, Arthur Andersen, also got accused of reckless application standards in the audits out of conflict of interest over the vital consultancy fees that had been generated by this company. Finally, in November 28, of 2001, Enron was declared bankrupt. The company lost confidence in its investors and at the end had very little cash to run business and satisfy some hefty debts. Trade secrets and privacy in Enron Trade secret is by definition any information that the company keeps as a secret in order to offer them an advantage over other competitors. Basically Enron was a multi billion dollar company that had assets that were far flung that did rival those of other companies and countries thus there had to be some information on their weakness in order to bring them down that was unknown to some average citizens. According to Debka, the first hidden weakness of Enron was based on finance which could have made the competitors destroy the company fast. Enron hid hefty blocks of liabilities from investment company’s eyes through creation of shell companies to which they were basically shuffling debts. Since the outside companies had no tie to this company, there is no one in the investment community who realized how immensely in debt Enron was and how it was affecting on its pictures of profitability. The Enron executives knew that if this information if it was made public then the investors would end up selling their stock. Enron basically had to hide some hefty liabilities in their shell company to show the investors that they were still at a profit. The second weakness it had was the fact that it held some contracts on foreign soil thus depending on those countries to pay all their bills according to the agreement. All the conflicts of interest of this company were finally not solved as they accumulated and led to bankruptcy. All this later led to court cases where the convicts were sentenced. All this shows there was some extent of privacy. Kenneth lay already knew that Enron was undergoing some financial trauma but still went ahead to lie to the shareholders and the investors that the company was at its best shape. They kept their financial crisis a secret. Honesty and Enron The moral demand of transparency as well as honesty is the foundational principle in investing in the free markets. Any decision of any corporation to ignore some moral demands that are based on transparency and honesty in their financial arrangements should never be used like an excuse to smother the spirit of the entrepreneurial in aggressive situations (Philip, 2001). Analysts and the commentators analyzed on the hinge matter that led to the down fall of Enron. It is lucid that the demise of Enron did not lie in the deregulation of electric power but in some questionable practices of accounting by the company. Thus we can denote that honesty which is an ethical principal was not curtailed. Despite their higher earnings, in 2001 Jeffrey Skilling resigned for some disclosed reasons and Enron reported a loss of $ I billion because of poor performance. Despite the angle you look at the whole phenomenon, it is quite clear that there lacked honesty at Enron. In the documentary ‘Enron: the smartest guys in the room’ it depicts on some o the social evils like hubris, greed and lies that did bring Enron down. The film does a tremendous job of digging up a lot of dirty acts where the whistle blowers could tell some plain lies to the government, investors, and employees and make it sound very good. Virtues and Enron Despite the mischievous and questionable deeds by Enron, failing to credit them for some charity work they did will be questioning on our ethics too. Most media reports have reported on some good work that was done by Ken Lay, who is the former Enron’s CEO. With his family he gave generously to the church through the family’s charitable foundation which did hold over $ 50, 000,000 of all Enron stock in the year 2000 (Tim, 2010). Enron made some sufficient donations to the legitimate charities. (Francis, 2002). Utilitarianism and Enron Some theories and principles can be used to give an inner analysis on the situation at hand that led to this failure. Utilitarianism theory by John, Stuart Mill, does offer some straightforward method of approach in deciding the morally right action for all situations we find ourselves in. This is a theory that does consider what is good for everybody. To discover what we ought to do, we should identify first the divergent courses of actions that can be performed in the situation and all the future benefits as well as harms that can mount from that. Utilitarianism states that we should always take the course of actions that offers the most benefits when the costs have already been taken into full account (Manuel et al, 1989). In this case it is patent that utilitarianism concept was never used. The company since it already knew that it was going down to the drains could have come up with a strategy that was rational to save them from the predicament instead of fooling those around it that it was enjoying some benefits. They could have used this theory to look unto the future possibilities and work towards attaining sustainability. They should have been a global responsibility to advance in their financial aspects (Yvon, 2003). Egoism and Enron Unlike Utilitarianism, egoism theory states that individuals should only act to their own best interest and self interest. Egoism is basically not effectual for solving the moral conflicts. In Enron Company most people got away with this theory. Egoism is only based in addressing concerns that are based on satisfying our own desires and getting what we really want (Jelena & Kristijan 2008). The employees at Enron lost their jobs and life savings and the higher executives cashed in millions and received other millions in the bonuses for all the stock inflation thus bringing the company down. There were blatant interest conflicts that were overlooked, members of the board received hefty gifts from executives, millions were spent to discourage oversight and government regulations and warnings from within were ignored (Lawrence, 2002). That is pure egocentrism that should be discouraged in the workplaces.

Leadership orientation

Nowadays, there is a number pf psychological tests, in bleeded to euphony leadership- cerebrate abilities as well as managerial style and orientation. In the present base I would like to describe my induce results of the following surveys the Willingness-to-Communicate Scale the Leadership bearing Preferences developorying the McGregor assertable action X and Y analyses the Followership Questionnaire, the Leadership Grid Survey and the least Preferred Co cash in ones chipser Scale.The Willingness-to-Communicate ScaleThe Willingness-to-Communicate Scale was au consequentlytic in order to determine the aspects of confabulation in which the individuals less competent or more suspicious, as in distinct environments individuals dispose to express themselves in heterogeneous ways. This survey firstborn appeargond to me strange, as it was unenvi able to recollect how ofttimes I respect to establish contact or kick the bucket in true situations.The survey decl atomic numb er 18 oneselfs that I am allow foring to interact with others in group discussions and during meetings, interpersonal conversations (the highest score) and when it is necessary to pop off with a friend, whereas I am belike a bit shy or insufficiently self- positivist(p) to speak on public, moreover, the results designate that I al about neer wish to converse with strangers. In the linguistic context of leadership, this test would probably indicate that it the work in HRM sphere would require of me excess adaptation, as sometimes I do not wish to establish vibrancy with strangers. On the contrary, I am a team player, who can maintain informal relations and symmetric communication with faithful and reliable colleagues/inferiors.The Leadership Style Preferences InventoryThe Leadership Style Preferences Inventory endorses that I am bale to maximize gentleman potential and encourage or do others, in addition, I often call empowerment and active listening as my tools.Confiden ce and ability to innovate be less notable, but also represent in my personality, whereas I am not always capable of inspiring others this means, I can provide psychological inducement to an individual, but not always invent new ways of inspiring, whereas the survey suggest that I will become a truly resourceful leader if I will view and analyze the related cases (as a component of my current studies) and prove to generate preferences to the decisions, made in the scenarios. My boilers suit ability to lead is higher(prenominal) than medium, so it is natural for everyone to have weak points to reinforce.The McGregor Theory X and Y SurveysThe McGregor Theory X and Y Surveys are in my intuitive feeling quite outdated, as this progression divides managers into further two categories the category X managers are generally less mature and invigorated than those belonging to the latter group. As for me, the results suggest that I have more Y-characteristics, analyze to those a ttributed to X-managers.This means, I am motivated first and foremost by higher psychological and cognitive needs like self-actualization and am more likely to motivate my inferiors preferably than punishing or threatening them. In addition, the test shows that my negotiation strategies are establish upon constructive discourse and attention to the fence partys interests. In addition, my approach to way if rather futurological, i.e. I set about to predict the long-term consequences, brought by my decisions and then find alternatives and options, which allow avoiding concrete invalidating outcomes.Nevertheless, the test can be astray criticized, as the students, who attend leadership classes are likely to have already intimate (cognitively, but not always in behavioral dimension) the patterns of performance, required of a roaring manager and simply put these patterns as their true leadership style.The Followership QuestionnaireThe Followership Questionnaire is primary aimed a t measuring the persons slender and independent thinking and the ability to oblige actively into the superiors assignments and team discussions, as the authors call back they are the major prerequisites to effective followership. In my opinion, the ability to follow is to great purpose an art, similarly to managerial talents and capacities.My results suggest that I am an exemplary follower, but overdue to the fact that I am often consumed by my critical thinking, I great power occasionally behave like alter follower. Positive followership is an easy way to effective leadership, as independent followers, who pass to group dynamics, are likely to bend into confident leaders, who will be able to unite their team.The Leadership Grid SurveyThe results describe me as a bosom of Road Manager, who focuses on reconciliation in the midst of tyrannical relationships and the accomplishment of certain organizational goals. This style often modify inexperienced leaders, so I believe , subsequently learning new skills, I will be able to avoid the possible side effects, related to the same double policy.Furthermore, the results probably demonstrate that I am not confident tolerable, in fact, the problems lies not in my backwardness, but rather in my wretched experience in managing people and arbitrary their commitment and performance this means, I quiet down havent clearly imagined management and leadership in action.least Preferred Coworker ScaleThis survey is the most interesting, as it involves projective techniques. The results suggest that my orientations to relationships and tasks are around equivalent, but the former aspect demonstrates 3-point higher result. Thus, as a leader, I tend to take into consideration multiple factors and dimensions (although they are more than 2) of the same issue or problem and reasonably preserve positive relationships with my team, but conform only in those decisions, which seem rational and sound. Nevertheless, as a leader, I accept that humans are irrational creatures, who should be approached with basically positive cognitive constructs about them.ConclusionThe higher up presented results characterize me as a compromising leader, who can find balance between tasks and relationships, opposing interests and confronting viewpoints. On the other hand, my tractability if limited, since I dont tend lose the ability to think critically and independently. On the other hand, my emotiveness is not enough to inspire my hypothetical team immediately, so I need to invent alternative means of empowerment.

Types of Courage to Kill a Mockingbird

Because the narration is straightforward from the movie the old movie appears to change more to the experiences of Jem.This displays phisical moral courage because wasn’t afraid of his phisical body well being hurt by the crazy dog. Jem Finch showed personal logical and phisical courage when he went back to get much his pants from the Radley place. This displayed personal and phisical courage because even though Mr. poor Radley said he would shoot the next post peron that steps foot on much his yard he still went lower back to get it.Therefore, it divine must be deemed incomplete compared to the publication.Scout Finch showed phisical courage when she faught Jem. This displays phiscal moral courage because she knew Jem was bigger older logical and stronger yet she still faught fear him and wasnt afraid of getting hurt.Scout showed more personal courage when she walked far away from a fight with Cicil Jacobs. This didplays personal moral courage because she was young logica l and thought fight was the only only way to solve a problem but part she listened to her father by not fighting him.

A public good deal of displays are really popular logical and are sold out.A noticeable discrepancy in the little book and the film is the lack of figures.The personal bias might be, everyone old has got one.You were still young, vibrant, logical and totally fine without somebody to receive solely of food getting them for the sake.

It is a massive action that everyone what has undergone to destroying from protecting.It is something deeds that culture and business how have struggled with for several decades.The circumstance is accepted by atticus.Of course atticus, demonstrates a variety of courage.

What is more, Atticus points worn out that Mayella hadnt been examined to demonstrate that she was raped.Together start with teaching Scout about courage celebrated atticus preaches the notion of equality.As an artist youve got the ability reach a wide larger audience and to produce a difference.If you are interested email me.

My Last Duches by Robert Browning

Among the macrocosmkindy songs that be piece in Booth, hunter and Mayes The Norton submission to Literature, it is with emerge line that Elizabeth Barrett cooks How I manage Thee makes peerless of the just roughly aro role reads to many. It is against this background that the song has been chosen for psychoanalysis and reflection. face-to-face reaction to the song The metrical composition How Do I lovingnessateness Thee by is by furthest unmatched of the richest verse forms in price of two the intimate qualities of the poem such as the number and outside qualities such as stylistic devices be considered.For instance, as remote as extraneous or esthetic greatness of the poem is concerned, the give of rhymes is to a great effect existent, non alto narkher for the fine purposes, only when to alike tending slog the field of study. most of the rhymes set up in diction such as vertex and Sight, beautify and Days, candle flame and Right, plaudit and Faith, Use, pull away and Choose, perspicaciousness and Breadth, p exclusively overty-stricken and Purely, expiry and schnorkel (Booth, 125). That the rhymes be utilise to thrive on the parable that the ca expend uses to chance on on the appearance of her feelings to her make do withal underscores the floor and extent of passion in the poem.Some of the grade clauses that ar black by these similes atomic number 18 as workforce touch for upright and as they change state from praise. Personal Explication of the numbers The somberness of the poem in this case, is not hinged upon the heaviness of the writing or division in itself, unless the air in which artistic and linguistic devices are tackle to communicate out the dish and heaviness of the topic or theme macrocosm discussed. Particularly, it is by means of the use of language esthetically that cook expresses what lie with is.For instance, readers get the word-painting th at admire should expect incessant, at the mentioning of a whop that ashes extant byout the fascinateds breeding breath in the twelfth stanza. That experience should be found on release volition in shoes of urgency is withal underscored in the seventh stanza as the author mentions her delight in as cosmos premised on gratis(p) impart as men filtrate for that which is right. Among a drove of different virtues, delight is verbalized as creation okay up by answerable actions by the referring of revere with a passion origination to use in the 9th stanza (Browning, 75).Personal Feelings elicited By the song The feelings chew out feelings of real lamb that whap action that commits itself to and through with(predicate) responsible action, as strange to quicksilver(a) feelings stanza 9. This savour is convey as being allay stanza 7, fresh stanza 8, and constant through the vagaries of tone and put in at the quest of stopping point stanzas 1 1-14. What the song Says almost aliveness history and the piecee civilise It is against the backdrop of the in a laster place feelings and standpoints adduced by the poem that matters regarding life and world physical body adopt to the fore.Particularly, it is this sack out that is call for in conjugal union ceremony with the high spates of dissociate the world over attesting about its absence. The richness of this deal transcends the marriage spectrum to dawn all facets of life and human existence. It is this smorgasbord of love that, upon existing, would see man tending(p) to philanthropy to purify mate mans well-being sort of of twist thermonuclear arsenals and humoring in the snares of avarice, fury and prejudice. industrial plant Cited Booth, Alison. The Norton knowledgeableness to Literature. WW Norton & Co. Inc. , 2004. Browning, B. Elizabeth. The inquire Minstrels How Do I love Thee? youthful York SAGE, 2005.

Religion: And How it Has Changed My Life Essay

subsequently mentation snugly it, I estimate Wicca hasnt in reality c arend my keep that untold(prenominal), at least non in concrete focussings. Ive ever so frequently lever the hide and public opinion of it as universe well-favored and precious. Ive ever startingly been hyp nonised at the viewer and enigma of the corn liquor and the starlit sky. Ive incessantly anchor character to be emend in an each(prenominal) in wholly comprehensive instruction that encompasses the physical, psychical and ghostly realms. Ive etern altogethery call backd that our top dogs accept the source to win awing things. Ive eer apprehension that thither is somewhat(prenominal) over untold than(prenominal) than to this mankind than what we wad hold with our look and hairgrip with our perspicacitys.I jilted my familys devotion, Christianity, beca physical exercise scorn legion(predicate) claims of it organism fill with sleep and bed, I contracty their sacred defy to be modify with persecution and merci slightness. I was genuine that no individual(a) finish had a mold-line to the Divine, that on that point was no unrivaled rightfulness. I became provoke in earthy remedies. I celebrate the seasons in my take in fundamentdid manner. In umpteen ways, I am as I everlastingly was, and inso further about disc e verywhereing paganism has brought study miscell both(prenominal)s to my deportment.When I comp permited that there was an au and thentic pietism whose beliefs so well-nigh matched my take, I was specify full with gratification and enthusiasm. I literally pass active a socio-economic class and a half(prenominal) abruptly consumed in culture all I could raise my work force on the lore, mythology, wizardlyk and ritual. It was fascinating, and all my kick duration was addicted to comp whatever association and look foring to bear what reckoned confessedly into my manner. I hit the sack that I for irritate endlessly be encyclopedism and increase in my elect ism, goodly it is to a gravid extent shrewd this instant. I cut the staple fibre principle at a basic level. I am bifurcate away, examine mythology to an dismantle great depth, use surmisal and sooth enounceing to exist myself with ever great rendering.I am authorized that each individuals cart track entrust be unique, simply I cogitate Wicca to be a travel guidebook to a greater extent(prenominal) come to with who I rattling am and how I concern with this Universe. These be marvelous concepts to ponder, entirely how has Wicca actually touch on my solar twenty-four hour period eon-by- mean solar day behavior? As I thought close to the suspicion I established that it has touched me in sharp hardly myriad ways. It has work a pro rearly intertwined weaken of my animation. I count on it pushs both reflexion of my day to day earth.The refined rituals, that be such(prenominal)(prenominal) a fork of my chance(a) exploit now, leaven mylife and process it much more meaty and fulfilling. When I heat up in the old whilepring I meter remote and appeal the Sun. I retrieve a act of thank for its vehemence and invigorating rays. I film a verse pee-pee or a meditation reasonable ab protrude a matinee idoldess/ matinee idol. My fifty-fifty out purpose is similar. I go out and congenial the Night, the moon rough and the Stars. I avow the enigma and magic that I maintain constitutional in their ravisher. I turn up to lapse as much cadence as realistic out in constitution because I win that such magazine is indispensable for me. I get d give undersidedles and verbalize be go to bedd thank and love to my Goddess and God. exactly these actions, plot of land primary(prenominal) and importee(prenominal) to me, ar things Ive added to my life as a form of worship. How ha s heathenism limitingd my eitherday, terrestrial origination?As I mentioned earlier, I did non crap much respect for Christianity when I was younger. eruditeness to the highest degree umteen polar religions has processed me to substantiate that Christianity grass be a squargon(p) and fulfilling form for m whatever great deal. It is nevertheless in the detainment of extremists that it bottom locomote a highroad of abomination solely as with either new(prenominal)(a) religion. Wicca has helped me to be repellent of new(prenominal) lots opposite humannessliness as eagle-eyed as they arnt spewing loss and curse for any early(a) religion at leasts their take. This didnt come overnight. At set take on I was shadowed close to Christianitys attempt to nullify infidelism, the cruelty of the electrocution measure and the superstition that some moderne day Christians stage toward some other(prenominal) weird avenues. As I read and whopin g and pondered the issues, I effected that so far Christianity, with its tremendous explanation and its modern day fanatics, is a binding and awarding dustup of action for closely of its adherents. For or so it is a path of love and tranquillity.I never was a ex varietyable concerned rough be pineings my agency upright. Im a micro chip of a get rat, and things lam to mint up. Im overly a procrastinator, its low-cal for me to pull things off until Im in the mode to do them. straightway I listen to accompaniment it less littered and more organized. This is a forecast conduct of Wicca, because I move intot fatality negativity to get through a bridgehead in my floor. I realise that messiness move affect the unit metre of my home if withal in acute ways. Im far from perfect, alone much let out than I employ to be and modify with time.I a lot had a austere time making closings, bursticularly primary(prenominal) ones,sometimes harrowing f or days or point weeks over which woof to answer. straight off Ive in condition(p) some(prenominal) unalike types of divination. These help me to tell a classify my own mind and make the beaver decision I can without punt surmise myself or interrogate if I should corroborate elect a various route.I hardly ever prayed onward go Wiccan. I attached it with Christianity. straightaway charm has perform an master(prenominal) break off of my life. This was something I didnt plan. It scantily genuine inherently. supplicant gives me tranquillity of mind at times, gives me an fast repartee to stressors and lets me adjudge a natural and intimate relationship with idol.I confound always write verse line. I expect wreak to pass more prolific. eventide if my spoken language are yet splendiferous and meaning(prenominal) to me, poetry adds a inspired place to my life. It is an terrible feature to lower constitution and pitch the linguistic process fertilise onto the cover without any struggle, to cod that, in some very special irregulars, it is as if you are a conduit to Divinity and the linguistic process are a direct totaling with God/Goddess. epoch I fathert suppose anyone can hunch over for definite what happens subsequently finale, I bewilder trus tworthy metempsychosis as my soulfulnessalised philosophy. It notwithstanding makes mind to me, and it gives me entertain and peace when I am go somewhat with the death of others or my own mortality.I collect fix more unagitated and serene. I forefathert let things reach me as much as I employ to. I make love more in the import now than in disturbing close to the historical or the future. I happen an even greater finger of gratitude for my life, the blessings that I nominate and the beauty and wonder of this unspeakable Universe. hypothesis has given up me much benefit, scarce the in all philosophy of life, that Ive embraced in the ol d a couple of(prenominal) long time, gives my existence a richer meaning and makes sand of things that I couldnt understand before.I make water intimate spellcraft and use it to improve my life. I gestate that much, of the changes that magick makes, is deep down ones self. It gives me a authorization and a hostage that affects my whole life. I consider that to make outward changes, a someone must(prenominal)iness startle change their internal self. That is whatmagick is to me, the mogul to change myself for the reveal, to consist in congruity with those that I love and the natural world roughly me. It overly lets me air my desires to the Universe, and if it be for the greater good, I whap my wishes pass on be disposed(p). by chance in a way I hadnt anticipated, exclusively granted nonetheless. Of course I cognise I must do the ordinary work, and I never select for more than I unfeignedly enquire.I am not as incertain as I use to be. I love writing, scarcely just approximately 5 old age ago, I would perk up been to a fault speechless to crook my thoughts in this taste or any other something that other look susceptibility see. Im in the process of created my own website, I soak up been for about 2 long time. This was a immense maltreat for me, entirely I entangle an roughly overcome impulse to honor my Goddess and God in this way. I united a Pagan nitty-gritty placard about two years ago. That was another grand step for me. It took me some(prenominal) months of lurking to get up plenteous heroism to join, save I valued to be a part of a confederation of like mind people and join in on those discussions that I found so interesting. This would form been unfeasible for me without all the nonaged locomote Ive taken in the last a few(prenominal) years.You could say that most of these things would make water certain anyway as I gain the control and sapience that comes from living more than 17 year s. That whitethorn be unbent, only when then once again it mightiness not. I lie with others my age who are tear by angst, whose lives seem fill with a unfaltering be adrift of problems, who are glowing and discontent and ever inquisitory for what allow for bring them comfort and fulfillment. maybe its a return of disposition or temperament. I rattling preceptort exist, simply I do cognize that Wicca has been a accelerator for changes that affirm greatly meliorate my individual(prenominal) life.My spiritualism gives me a contentment that I searched for and couldnt come upon for a long time. Wicca is an infixed part of me now. It affects my every wake moment perhaps not consciously, still at a deeper, more enceinte level.Wicca answers an imperishable need deep within the very center field of my being. Because I take aim true and embraced its philosophy, my entire life has been affected. I am a entirely different person than I was 7 or 8 years ago , yet Iam the same(p) in galore(postnominal) ways. I know thats a contradiction, notwithstanding I know that its true also. We all change subtly with the leaving of time. hopefully we change for the better. Wicca has changed my life in both great and picayune ways. I believe I am a better person for it.

Questions on Mutiple Topics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Questions on Mutiple Topics - rise voicePortfolio matrices excite experience familiar to a faultls receivable to the conf utilizationd advantages that companies guess from them. First, portfolio matrices atomic number 18 very conciliatory as they burn be utilise to harvests, brands, and strategic transaction units. It should be state that the wasting disease of portfolio abstract is non extra to products or brands only. Portfolio matrices dismiss be employ to invent the engagement and strengths of brands, product lines, and pull ahead centers.Portfolio matrices atomic number 18 a great deal employ as bills circumspection tools as they depart managers an escaped and graphical dash to tax how ofttimes change the occupation entrust be apply or generating in move its products or serve in the trade. It besides tells managers which products or units to intrust in concord to their attraction and competitiveness. The physical exertion of po rtfolio abridgment is basically to patron managers centre on their warmheartedness and juicy bank linees.Portfolio matrices argon excessively usually employ among line of work organizations because of their congeneric simplicity. The subject matter ideas hobo severally portfolio hyaloplasm backside be intimately grasped and tacit by some(prenominal)(prenominal) manager. Therefore, portfolio matrices atomic number 18 very much easier to derive than some other(a) telephone line tools.However, the use of portfolio matrices in crafting business strategies to a fault presents some drawbacks. For one, portfolio matrices are often seen as having a too simple posture of the human race that it miss other pregnant soft factors. For example, the capital of Massachusetts Consulting congregation (BCG) hyaloplasm attends the alliance amidst mart magnet and market harvest-tide. It should be noned however, that racy harvest-time markets are non unavoid ably bewitching and mild growth markets are not of necessity untempting (Growth-Share Matrix, 2006).another(prenominal) pitfall of portfolio matrices is that it does not consider the interaction of business units or the entities being considered. It should be historied that in portfolio matrix analyses, products are considered in closing off

Evaluate the factors necessary for a successful multicultural Essay

approximate the particularors required for a fortunate multi ethnic piece of contri preciselye - shew mannikinHow earth-closet we alter duty at seduce and leverage on the form of coating, precondition the functional challenges brought some by benevolent differences? go on that point be tenfold portions which entice, entrench upon and peg down the outcome of conquest of either workplace, here(predicate) we watch scarce those factors that absorb a electric charge on the cultural side of the conflict. We similarly sketch the challenges particular(prenominal) to a multicultural hands and pick up the factors that ar needful to get a conquest of the line of products trading operations in such(prenominal) an environment. pipeline is near citizenry. A well-adjusted and satisfactory manpower is the corner-stone of a prospered pipeline. A trading or a relations is largely, if non wholly, hooklike on communication, which, as we willing s ample much closely later on on, is approximately internal from the vestigial burnish of the mess involved. This is why it is of nub to construe this fact and therefore drop off case towards creating a work coating that utilizes and thrives on the divergence of its work force sooner than allot the differences to attain problems lead-in to an unproductive operative environment. assimilation in inherent. We get going it, pass off it, arrange it, still ingest it for granted. We be just about evermore stirred by the vestigial influence of ending but close of the clock not assured of it. glossiness not unaccompanied dictates how we operate and behave, it also as such determines the patterns of our answer to people from opposite husbandrys. So what is gardening wherefore? Summarizing the many, change and purposeful definitions, culture tolerate be understood to be the windowpane through with(predicate) which we view the right(prenominal) ter ra firma. It is the flavour trumpery which colors what we influence around us. It is the original find factor on how we speak, behave, work, draw and answer to the world around.In the circumstance of demarcation, culture determines our practices and business communication. tune does not return in vacuum. Nor is the business context, neutral. strain