Macbeth, By William Shakespeare - 1322 Words

The play Macbeth, written by Shakespeare, is about a courageous Scottish general, who strikes with the prophecies by trio witches and his wife spurs that makes him strive for ambition, which eventually leads to his death. Niccollo Machiavell says â€Å"Ambition is so powerful a passion in the human breast, that however high we reach we are never satisfied.† An ambitious person chooses different ways to become successful, either good or sinister way, but depending on the situation. As life consists of challenges and perseverance, the more ambitious a person is, the more greedy it becomes resulting in significant changes to nature. Macbeth’s ambition to become a king leads him to murder Duncan and it renders changes in his character as revealed by his imagination, attitude towards the murder and by his relationship with his wife. a. The imagination to the murderous act in Macbeth b. Reactions and attitudes towards the murder c. Transitional relationship of a loving partner Macbeth’s ambition to become king by murdering Duncan makes him suffer hallucination.Lady Macbeth pressures Macbeth to become king and provokes Macbeth’s greed and malice. Macbeth follows Lady Macbeth’s plot to kill Duncan but on the way, he has a vision of a dagger floating in the air as he approaches Duncan’s chamber. Macbeth become hesitant, when he sees the dagger and refuses to think the dagger is a real. However, he realizes the dark hour and the silent moment is the best time to do the deed and theShow MoreRelatedMacbeth by William Shakespeare770 Words   |  3 PagesThe play Macbeth is written by William Shakespeare. It is believed to be written between 1603 and 1607 and set in eleventh century Scotland. It is also believed to be first performed in 1606. It is considered to be one of the darkest and most powerful tragedies. Macbeth, set in Scotland, dramatizes the psychological and political effects produced when evil is chosen to fulfill the ambi tion of power. The Tragedy of Macbeth is Shakespeare’s shortest tragedy and tells the story of Macbeth, a ScottishRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1425 Words   |  6 PagesMacbeth Just Can’t Wait To Be King Everyone has a quality that they do not like about themselves. Some people struggle to be social, others may be too controlling of people. The list goes on and on, but the point is that everybody has a particular quality that they must learn to control or else that particular quality can get out of hand. Of course, one could write a list of characters that have major flaws. There is no better example than William Shakespeare’s character, Macbeth, in The TragedyRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1409 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair: Hover through the fog and filthy air.† On October 17th, I had the pleasure of going to see Macbeth performed at the Shakespeare Tavern. Along with its reputation for being â€Å"cursed,† Macbeth is also known as one of the crown jewels of William Shakespeare’s repertoire. In my opinion, the central concept of this particular retelling of the play was the murkiness of character. Throughout the pla y, the many characters go through fierce temptation and strife, and noneRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1203 Words   |  5 PagesMacbeth is a play based on King James I, it was written by William Shakespeare, however this play isn’t a king and queen fairy tale, but it’s a play about greed and guilt, chaos and murder and three evil witches who use prophecies to influence Macbeth to do bad things, using flattery would instigate his inner ambition to become king, which in the end doesn’t lead to a very happy ending. Shakespeare’s, Macbeth, was written in the early Jacobean period. During those times, women had no power, theyRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1243 Words   |  5 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s â€Å"Macbeth†, the author portrays the main character Macbeth as a very tortured and flawed individual whose actions only serve to further unravel him. He is conflicted and power hungry, which drives him to perform evil murders and become a ruthless person. Macbeth’s moral compass is not resilient enough to withstand his wife’s manipulations and he is provoked to act on his malicious thoughts of murder. The author explores the terrible effects that ambition and guilt can haveRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare Essay1487 Words   |  6 Pagesreaction†. Macbeth by William Shakespeare is a tale which illuminates the consequences of violating the â€Å"Natural order†, the hierarchy of beings in the universe. When Macbeth, a warrior wel l-known for his courage and bravery, murders King Duncan acting on his unchecked ambition to claim the throne, the order was disrupted, the result†¦chaos. Shakespeare uses symbolism to illustrate the atmosphere of the play as the natural order is flung into a state of turmoil. These techniques used by Shakespeare is usedRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1483 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent references in the play of how a king deals with power and if they use it for better or for their own personal gain. In the play Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, Macbeth’s obsession with his journey to power leads to his failure. This obsession is demonstrated through the prophecies, the murder of his best friend Banquo, and his own demise. Macbeth demonstrates that he is incapable of mastering the power and responsibilities of being a king. This is indicated throughout the play with theRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1045 Words   |  5 PagesBlood appears in only two forms, but many times in Macbeth by William Shakespeare; between the war scene at the beginning of the play and the lifting of Macbeth’s severed being lifted by Macduff at the end. It can be said that Macbeth could have been written in blood that there is such a large amount. What is unique about blood in Macbeth is that the â€Å"imaginary blood† or the guilt that the murderer feels plays more of a role of understand and amplifying the theme of the play, that blood is guiltRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1431 Words   |  6 Pages Macbeth, though originally a valiant and prudent soldier, deteriorates into an unwise king whose rash decisions conclusively end in the atrophy of his title, power, and position. Several facto rs contribute to the downfall of Macbeth, which produce a contagion effect and ultimately end with his demise. He receives help from his â€Å"inner ambitions and external urgings† which result in his downfall (Bernad 49). The â€Å"external urgings† consist of the weird sisters who disclose his prophecies, which enlightenRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare2060 Words   |  9 Pagesthe green one red Macbeth Quote (Act II, Sc. II). Out, out, brief candle! Life s but a walking shadow, a poor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stage and then is heard no more: it is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing. Macbeth Quote (Act V, Scene V). These quotes have been taken from play Macbeth written by William Shakespeare. Like these quotes there are hundreds and thousands of such heart touching quotes written by Shakespeare in his many different

Poverty Alleviation Cash Or Non Cash Assistance Essay

Poverty alleviation: cash or non-cash assistance? Alleviating poverty has never been an easy task for both developed and developing countries. Alongside the debate of who are considered poor, the public has never come to a conclusion whether cash or non-cash assistance should be prioritized for poverty alleviation. This essay explores the benefits and challenges of both types of approaches. Additionally, the country context is also discussed to analyze how the level of countries’ economic development affects the effectiveness of any poverty alleviation programs. Who are the poor? According to the World Bank, the poor are those whose income is under the international poverty line, USD1.90/day. Aside from that statistical explanation, though, this essay focuses on the more interesting descriptive explanation of poverty. It explains that poverty should also be defined by the poor people’s lack of assets and difficulties of accesses including the access to high-paid employment, goods, and services which their livelihood is based upon (Ghosh, 2011). Poverty alleviation programs are mainly divided into cash and non-cash approaches which commonly aim to enhance poor societies’ capacity to increase their well-being, social security and stability. Even though both seem to have common objectives, their approaches for alleviating poverty are quite different. Cash assistance: benefits and challenges Cash assistance proponents believe that this type of program aims to alleviateShow MoreRelatedpantawid pamilyang pilipino program1609 Words   |  7 PagesPantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program is a conditional cash transfer (CCT) program that provides cash grants to poor households with children 0-14 years old and/or pregnant mothers, provided that they comply with the conditions set by the program †¢ Objectives: social assistance- provides conditional cash assistance to the poor to alleviate their immediate needs (short term poverty alleviation); and social development- aims to break the intergenerational poverty cycle through investments in human capital. WhoRead MoreBenefits Of Direct Cash Transfers For Needy Recipients1790 Words   |  8 Pageshave begun to look beyond their own borders and developed systems of development assistance for other countries in need. One of the two main methods by which relief was provided is through In-Kind Aid, in which benefits are given in the form of goods or services most beneficial to those in need. However, the effectiveness of this system has often been called into question next to the option of simply giving direct cash transfers to needy recipients. On one hand, in-kind aid can serve to lower the pricesRead MoreStudy On Employment Generation, Poverty Alleviation And Economic Development Essay1298 Words   |  6 PagesStudy on Employment Generation, Poverty Alleviation and Economic Development through Economic Planning in India Dr. ShwetaBansal, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, J.V. Jain College, Saharanpur, India e.mail : vakul2008@gmail.com Abstract The implications of economic policies initiated and pursued by the Government for the creation of gainful employment opportunities. After independence, when India initiated the program of economic development through planning mechanism, neither of theRead MoreIs Ghana Adopt A Similar Strategy?3982 Words   |  16 Pagescharacteristic; a development oriented poverty alleviation is the much needed solution to see Ghana actually leap out of her economic woes. The example of Dingxi’s anti poverty drive readily comes to mind and this paper highly recommends that Ghana should adopt a similar strategy designed along her unique characteristics. The next part of the chapter, discusses the experiences of Gansu Province / Dingxi as far as creating the right atmosphere for poverty alleviation is concerned and lessons in it forRead MoreIntroduction Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs award cash payments to poor households that2300 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs award cash payments to poor households that meet certain behavioral requirements, generally related to children’s health care and education. In some cases, conditional cash transfers have been used for broader environmental goals, such as making payments to people living near forests in return for protecting the area rather than damaging it in order to earn income. In the form of grants to the elderly, they are a tool for strengthening socialRead MoreEconomic Factors Affecting The Economy1459 Words   |  6 Pagessocial purpose or to meet his immediate consumption needs. Indebtedness is quite evident in most of the affected districts. In Kerala indebtedness is higher compared to national average due to availability of good informal and formal credit facilities, cash crop production and higher value of assets per households. Almost all the states which reports farmer suicide are drought prone (except Kerala) and if not, faced problem of deficient rainfall during the period of crisis causing crop failure (41%)Read MoreCustomer Relationship Management ( Crm ) Practices At Janata Bank Limited ( Jbl ) Essay1358 Words   |  6 PagesDeposit †¢ Call Deposit †¢ Deposit in Foreign Currency †¢ Resident Foreign Currency Deposit †¢ Deposits in F.C (WES) †¢ Convertible Taka A/C (D) 1.2 Savings Bank Deposits †¢ Savings Bank Deposit †¢ Savings Deposit from foreign remittance †¢ SB General †¢ Q-Cash Deposit †¢ NRB F.C Deposit †¢ School Banking Deposit 1.3 Monthly Scheme Deposits †¢ Deposit Pension Scheme †¢ JB Savings Pension Scheme †¢ Medical Deposit Scheme †¢ Education Deposit Scheme †¢ Ghore Ghore Sanchay †¢ JB Monthly Savings Scheme †¢ JB SpecialRead More4ps-Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program3477 Words   |  14 PagesREVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Poverty is one of the biggest problems in the Philippines and remains a big challenge to it. According to National Statistical Coordination Board Secretary General Jose Ramon G. Albert, the poverty incidence among population was estimated at 27.9 percent during the first semester of 2012, (NSCB 2012).   Comparing this with the 2006 and 2009 first semester figures estimated at 28.8 percent and 28.6 percent, respectively, poverty remained unchanged as the computed differencesRead More4ps in the Philippines3303 Words   |  14 Pagesproblem The Philippines has been battling against poverty for over several years now. The problem with poverty was inherited by every president, the highest ranking official of the republic. Because poverty continues to worsen every now and then, the leaders of the country have their own strategies and policy adaptations to combat this serious issue. The latest campaign against poverty applied in some countries in the world is the Conditional Cash Transfer program (CCT). South American countriesRead MoreShould Welfare Subsidies Be Limited For Only The Social Security System?2329 Words   |  10 Pagesservices are provided through primary and secondary education, subsidies of college education, pensions for eligible persons, subsidies for eligible low-wage workers, subsidies for housing, unemployment disability insurance, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits, subsidies for housing, and health insurance programs that cover public employees. The largest and most prominent welfare subsidy is the Social Security Program and the second largest is Medicare. Aside from Medicare and Social

Religion and World Practice Cannibalism Free Essays

‘’In the essay Cannibalism It Still Exist’’, Linh Kieu Ngo Explains how the Vietnamese refugees lost their captain on an escape boat. They were forced to survive with very little, after their food and water supply was gone. She explains how the refugees were forced to develop cannibalism by eating human flesh. We will write a custom essay sample on Religion and World Practice Cannibalism or any similar topic only for you Order Now Even though they didn’t want to eat other human flesh, the refugees had no choice because that was their only way of surviving. Linh also explains how all the Vietnamese refugees died after five month except for one person. Linh went on to say Cannibalism, the act of humans eating humans, still interest people and has long history. Some people may find it odd to eat other humans but for some, cannibalism is like eating any other meat from the supper market. She explains cannibalism in two ways. One is endocannibalism and the other is exocannibalism. Endocannibalism is eating in there own group. Exocannibalism is eating humans outside their group Linh explains that some normal people when in a situation between life and death, eat other human flesh to survive. She went as far to explain different type of cannibalism. Dietary cannibalism accrues when people are captured for others just to eat. Culture cannibalism is when consumed, human eating different part of human body for fertility and ext. Miyanmin people eat their own dead in respect for them. And Miyanmin practice both indo and exo cannibalism. The leopard and Alligator society in South Africa eat human flesh as part of their culture. For example the Leopard and Alligator people honors their people by eating their slaves. Religious or ritual Cannibalism are very different from the other types of cannibalism. Religious Cannibalism has a purpose than just eating other human flesh. And sometimes only one victim gets killed. And ritual cannibalism is very dependent of where in the world you are. For example a South African Indian tribe uses cannibalism as a revenge for the dead. And others use it as part of a funeral ritual. Even though people all over the world practice Cannibalism for different reasons to fit their needs. Whether it’s for religious belief, culture, or dietary reason, people are capable of eating other human flesh. Keep in mind all cultures are somehow connected to cannibalism. But today it is seldom practice. How to cite Religion and World Practice Cannibalism, Essay examples

Religion and World Practice Cannibalism Free Essays

‘’In the essay Cannibalism It Still Exist’’, Linh Kieu Ngo Explains how the Vietnamese refugees lost their captain on an escape boat. They were forced to survive with very little, after their food and water supply was gone. She explains how the refugees were forced to develop cannibalism by eating human flesh. We will write a custom essay sample on Religion and World Practice Cannibalism or any similar topic only for you Order Now Even though they didn’t want to eat other human flesh, the refugees had no choice because that was their only way of surviving. Linh also explains how all the Vietnamese refugees died after five month except for one person. Linh went on to say Cannibalism, the act of humans eating humans, still interest people and has long history. Some people may find it odd to eat other humans but for some, cannibalism is like eating any other meat from the supper market. She explains cannibalism in two ways. One is endocannibalism and the other is exocannibalism. Endocannibalism is eating in there own group. Exocannibalism is eating humans outside their group Linh explains that some normal people when in a situation between life and death, eat other human flesh to survive. She went as far to explain different type of cannibalism. Dietary cannibalism accrues when people are captured for others just to eat. Culture cannibalism is when consumed, human eating different part of human body for fertility and ext. Miyanmin people eat their own dead in respect for them. And Miyanmin practice both indo and exo cannibalism. The leopard and Alligator society in South Africa eat human flesh as part of their culture. For example the Leopard and Alligator people honors their people by eating their slaves. Religious or ritual Cannibalism are very different from the other types of cannibalism. Religious Cannibalism has a purpose than just eating other human flesh. And sometimes only one victim gets killed. And ritual cannibalism is very dependent of where in the world you are. For example a South African Indian tribe uses cannibalism as a revenge for the dead. And others use it as part of a funeral ritual. Even though people all over the world practice Cannibalism for different reasons to fit their needs. Whether it’s for religious belief, culture, or dietary reason, people are capable of eating other human flesh. Keep in mind all cultures are somehow connected to cannibalism. But today it is seldom practice. How to cite Religion and World Practice Cannibalism, Essay examples

Loss of a Best Friend free essay sample

He crawled out of his cage with every ounce of strength left onto the cold white floor. He had waited all day for our arrival. No tubes or wires were going to hold him back. This was my first time seeing him, since he had been diagnosed. It appeared as if he had aged five years over night. He could barely breathe, let alone walk. At the same, nothing had changed. He was still the loving dog that was always ecstatic to see me. He was more than my pet, he was my best friend. I started my day off every morning saying hello to him. In return, he greeted me with an enthusiastic tail wag. He was always there when I needed a hug or someone to cry on. He stuck by me, especially when I was sick, while others passed through my life. It may seem like he was the typically dog. We will write a custom essay sample on Loss of a Best Friend or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The term, â€Å"normal dog†, is too generic of a description. He was the most genial dog; one would ever have the pleasure of meeting. I had only learned that morning that he was sick. Yet, I had seen the warning signs. My feelings were pushed into denial by my family. That didn’t matter now, he was terminally ill, and nothing was going to change that. Within minutes of our arrival, he was gone. I watched the light leave his eyes as he shut his eyes for the last time. At that time, my arms were still hugged around him. It was the most surreal moments of my life. Life had vanished in an instant. I had experienced death numerous times, but never had it been this close. The feeling that someone waited for my visitation before he felt at peace is indescribable. No one will ever compare to him, but I don’t expect anyone to. With his death, my appreciation for animals deepened. No animal will ever be a senseless creature; each and every one has their own personality. If I go into the relationship open minded, the animal could, once again, transform my life.

The Ancient Art Of Feng Shui Essays - Taoist Cosmology, Divination

The Ancient Art Of Feng Shui The Ancient Art of Feng Shui The History of Feng Shui Feng Shui has been practiced in China for thousands of years and is believed to have started in 2953 B.C. when Hu of Hsia found a tortoise that had a perfect magic square on its back. From this discovery evolved the I Ching, the oldest book in Chinese history, and possibly the world (Webster 1). This book contains the first written instructions on the theory of Feng Shui. Feng Shui was seen as a sacred power, so much so that in ancient China, only the privileged class had access to the knowledge. There are even stories of members of the Imperial family who went out of their way to obscure the texts in order to prevent those who might be a threat to them from obtaining the sacred knowledge. The first Ming emperor even ordered that the country be flooded with books containing misleading theories and incorrect guidelines on Feng Shui (Too 2). When Chiang Kai Shek fled the mainland he took thousands of books on Feng Shui with him to Taiwan and used its principles in building a regime the re. From there it traveled to Hong Kong and eventually to the Western World through Marco Polo (Cassidy). Modern Feng Shui is based on the commentaries from Wang Chi and other scholars from the Sung dynasty, 1126-960 B.C. (Webster 3). What is Feng Shui? Feng Shui is the ancient Chinese art of living in harmony with nature and your surroundings, in order to maximize your health, prosperity and luck. It literally translates as wind and water and it involves the placement of buildings in relation to their surroundings, and the placement of furniture within the building in order to maximize the chi, the original energy source on the earth, from which everything else was created (Webster 4). As the dragon is seen as the most revered celestial creature of Chinese philosophy, chi has been called the breath of the dragon. Chi is an invisible energy that circulates throughout the world but also gathers in certain areas. The basic idea of Feng Shui is to harness as much chi as possible by allowing it to gather where you are, whether it is in your home or in your office. Chi is the life force that is all living things, and can be found, in its perfection wherever things are done perfectly. An artist who creates a masterpiece is creating chi. T hrough Feng Shui, we are looking for places where chi is accumulated or where it is formed. For example, chi is scattered by strong winds, so a windy location is not a good source of chi. However, chi is bound by water, so a location near water is full of the accumulated life force. According to Feng Shui mythology, the first time that chi moved it created yang, the male principle, and when it rested, it created yin, the female principle. After these very important creations chi then created the rest of the universe. The theory of the yin and the yang are of vital importance to Feng Shui (Webster 6). Yin and Yang Yin and yang are the two opposing energies involved with Feng Shui and neither one can survive without the other. In fact nothing is completely yin or completely yang, everything is a combination of both energies. This is illustrated is the popular yin yang symbol in which a small circle of black is located in the large white shape and a small white circle is inside the black (Feng Shui Society). This symbol is called the Taichi symbol of completeness due to its perfect balance of the yin and the yang. Together, yin and yang make up Tao, the way. The entire universe is made up of yin and yang energies constantly interacting with each other, and perfect harmony is established through a perfect balance. Since chi is the life force and it created the yin and yang, neither yin nor yang can be evil or good. They just are (Webster 7). It is only when you have an unbalanced amount of the two that your chi become negatively affected. According to Feng Shui, mountains, hills

Health Policy in US

Health Policy in US Introduction This paper seeks to describe public policy in relation to the first source provided in which it explains the policy arena, the policy endpoints and the policy options, major political actors involved in the debate, how the political actors choose to influence political process and whether there is an attempt for the national strategy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Health Policy in US specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Public policy is a program of action already in effect or planned for implementation whose aim is to improve the situation of the public. Some of the components of public policy include; the methods for its implementation and specification of resources requirements, its relevance and guidelines for the said action and the rules and regulations prescribed to it. The arena of the health policy selected for this assignment is focused towards defining various strategies for strengthening govern ance, improving the allocation of resources, decentralization of the health services, shifting the resources from just the curative healthcare to preventive healthcare services, provision of the autonomy to provincial and national hospitals, enhancing collaboration with the stakeholders and implementing social and health insurance programs. The policy endpoints and policy options being discussed is the health care overhaul law and the legislative achievement of President Obama’s signature. The policy options here include; upholding the law by the justices, duck a definitive decision premature entirely and strike down its most controversial provisions. In the matter, the Supreme Court and President Obama are likely to give rise to the constitutional and political blockbuster (Liptak 1). The health policy here is however faced with various challenges that need be discussed by the political bigwigs. Some of the challenges include; lack of accountability, poor policy implementati on, the pressure from the United Nations, insufficient funds, lack of enough qualified staff and failure to embrace the health insurance by some groups. The policy endpoints are associated with certain factors that affect its formulation and implementation. Factors such as situational factors, structural factors, political culture, democratic factors and environmental factors hinder the course of policy action. The major political actors involved in the public debate of the health policy include the government, the media and the interest groups. Service providers, professional bodies and advocacy groups may be involved, but they majorly contribute in the policy planning process.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These political actors ensure that the policy is addressed in the best way possible. They do this by influencing the political process of the policy. These political actors choose to influence the policy process through lobby groups, media campaigns, propaganda mechanisms, and agents of socialization, agents of legitimacy and by playing key roles in the agenda setting (Warren, 100). The strategy does not play out inside the Beltway, but there is an attempt to come up with a national strategy that will ensure the process of health policy planning is done effectively. Some of the components of the national strategy suggested include; the visioning exercises, creation of the mission and goals, objective establishments, creating a monitoring plan, establishing strategic directions and developing a framework that will establish and monitor success. According to the national strategy to be established, a health policy planning should be done in the following steps; Perform an environmental scanning Set goals and directions Identify possible problems and challenges Identify range of possible solutions to the problems and challenges Determine the best possible solution from the suggested ones to implement Implement the chosen solution Evaluate the results of the implemented solution A plausible scenario for public policy change from the status quo would be the shift from the initial health policy framework to the current health policy. Initially, the health policy framework would ensure the equitable allocation of government resources in order to reduce disparities in the health status, increase cost effectiveness and cost efficiency of the allocation of the resources and use, the management of the growth of the population, enhancing the regulatory role of the government, creating and enabling the environment for the increased private sector and community involvement in the provision of the health services and increasing and diversifying the per capita finance flow in the health sector. This has however changed with the current health policy framework (Warren 102). Currently, the health policy framework is strengthening the cent ral public policy role of the state in health matters and concerns. Apart from that, the health policy framework does other things like adopting the explicit strategy in order to reduce the burden of disease among the population, shifting part of the financial burden to the insurance, generating increased levels of financial resources and strengthening local authorities, private and mission sectors that provide health services. In summary, this paper has described the public policy in relation to source one that was provided where it explained the policy endpoints, the policy arena and the policy options, major political actors involved in the debate, how the political actors choose to influence political process and whether there is an attempt for the national strategy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Health Policy in US specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The major political actors involved in the public debate of th e health policy described in the paper include the government, the media and the interest groups. Service providers, professional bodies and advocacy groups may be involved, but they majorly contribute in the policy planning process. Liptak, Adam. Justices to Hear Health Care Case as Race Heats Up. Washington: New York Times Company, 2011 Warren, James. Liberal or Conservative: the problem is ignorance. New York: Lexis, 2011

Effective teaching in schools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Effective teaching in schools - Essay Example For example schools located in rural areas or schools serving marginalised communities such as the blacks and immigrants may have to adopt different teaching strategies so as to be effective in teaching. Such schools are likely to go for the strategies, which meet the needs of the vulnerable children they enroll. When designing or determining the most suitable or effective strategies for schools it is important to bear in mind the level of the pupils. Strategies, which may be effective in primary school level, may fail terribly if applied to higher education level. Developmental stages must be considered by teachers. For example primary school pupils are more likely to experience emotional imbalances than high school students. This calls for teachers to be careful on the way they plan for their teaching sessions. Evidence of behavioural changes in children was evidenced by the increase in the number of children who faced exclusion from school in the years following the removal of elusion targets in schools in 2001 (Evans, Harden, Thomas, & Benefield, 2003.31-79). There was an increase of about 11 percent in secondary schools and an increase in exclusion of about 19% in primary schools (Evans, Harden, Thomas, & Benefield, 2003.31-79). ... The effectiveness of teaching in the UK has in the past been measured by performance of the students. However this kind of measurement is faulty and may place on the teacher a heavy burden of blame when performance is low and at the same time lead to praising of the teacher when performance goes up. According to (Tiffin, & Rajasingham, 1995.12-68), there is a lot to effective teaching than the exam results. For instance there is the issue of legislation, the kind of legislation in place can hinder or promote effective learning depending on how well suitable they are. Equally important is the class environment, which may include the size of the class, the facilities available in the school, the level of training of the teachers as well as kind of pupils or students in the class. Very important is the methodology teachers' use in the teaching. For example in a Chemistry class, effectiveness cannot be realised if the teacher uses only one methodology of teaching. Teaching Chemistry class calls for a number of learning activities such as laboratory practicals. In Chemistry there is a need for peer coaching or group collaboration given the fact that in a class some students will always learn at a faster rate than their colleagues. This calls for the effective teachers to integrate al l the applicable learning and teaching methods. The above serves to underscore the fact that teaching is just one component of learning which plays an important role in determining learning outcomes. According to the Department for Education and Employment, (1997.4 -19) the social context of learning influences teaching and learning. These social contexts may be beyond teachers' control in most cases. This implied that the kind of

The Performance of the Global Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Performance of the Global Marketing - Essay Example In this regard, studies that serve the purpose of linking marketing activities to firm performance and stock value are exceedingly necessary. Undoubtedly these have been reasons for the Marketing Science Institute to list Marketing Metrics among top research priorities. The organization of this proposal is the following. Firstly, a description of the project is presented. Secondly, the methodology is proposed. Thirdly, an approximated time schedule of research is developed. Finally, a provisional table of contents is suggested. In reference to academic relevance, this research pretends to support empirical evidence to the field of marketing metrics in a global context. The suggestion of Rust et al. (2004) about search for empirical support to the chain of marketing activities has been taken into account. According to Holmstrom and Tirole's (1989:65) definition, a theory of the firm must address two central questions: (a) why firms exist, and (b) what determines their scale and scope. In the case of this thesis proposal, there are two theoretical perspectives central to explaining the relationship between Marketing Strategy and firm's performance in a global context: the Industrial Organization (IO) Theory and the Resource-Based View (RBV) Theory. Both of them postulate that the purpose of the firm is to maximize profits. Having fulfilled the first question of Holmstrom and Tirole (1989:65), the logic of this theoretical framework is to connect the drivers of the two theories to the relationship between marketing strategy and firm's performance. 2.1.1. Industrial Organization Theory The IO theory focuses on the external market to identify drivers of a firm's strategy which will consequently affect its performance (Zou and Cavusgil 2002). According to the IO framework, external market and industry environment (structure) determines a firm's strategy (conduct), which in turn determines its performance (Porter 1980). Under IO theory, the development of the marketing strategy has to allow for the structure of the external market and industry, hence being coaligment to environment for getting positive effects on performance (Venkatraman and Prescott 1990) and survive and prosper (Collis 1991). 2.1.2. Resource-Based View

Strategic Management Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic Management Assignment - Essay Example out sponsorship of the world’s most popular league creates a positive emotional link between our brand and football fans everywhere† (www.premierleague.com accessed December 2009). Moreover, Barclays’ sponsorship of the Premier League has enabled Barclays to capitalise on the branding strategy and business growth of clubs within the Premier league such as Manchester United, whose ability to transcend from football into mainstream culture as a testament to its branding strategy success (Johnson et al, 2008). As such, Barclays PLC president Robert E. Diamond Junior asserts that Barclays’ sponsorship of the Premier league provides the perfect strategic fit for the Barclays brand. The focus of this paper is to undertake a strategy management evaluation of the Barclays Premier League with a contextual focus on Manchester United The last decade has seen has radical transformation of the UK football industry, with economic indicators pointing to football has a viable business model (Johnson et al, 2008, p.20). It is submitted that a key element of this is effective strategy management, which is imperative to the continued success of the Premier League as the leisure industry continues to grow as an important sector exponentially in the global marketplace (Joyce & Woods, 2001, p.488). This is further supported by the argument of Joyce and Woods that â€Å"football is big business and the leisure industry is fast becoming an important sector worldwide† (2001, p.488). Therefore, it is submitted that a market environment analysis of the English Premier League and the multiple income streams created by leading clubs such as Manchester United within the league is imperative to the consideration of Barclays long term growth and development goals going forward. For example, in Exall’s â€Å"Who Killed English Football?: An Analysis of the State of English Football† (2007), Exall suggests that the Premier league business model radicalised English football by

Cash Flow Statements: Indirect Method

Cash Flow Statements: Indirect Method a) International Accounting Standard 7 (IAS 7) lays down the standards expected by companies when presenting information about changes in cash or cash equivalents. Under IAS 7, a company is required to present a statement of cash flow showing the changes in cash and cash equivalents from the three key areas of operating, investing and financing (Wheetman, 2006)[1]. The definition of cash and cash equivalents includes cash, as well as any other investments that are considered high liquidity and can be easily converted into a known amount of cash. When presenting cash flow statements, there are two main ways that are recognised by IAS 7: direct and indirect, although a preference is shown for the direct method. The direct method involves reporting the cash flow gross, as it happens, so that all cash out and all cash in are simply taken gross without any adjustments made for other factors. On the other hand, the indirect method shows the net cash flows once all other factors have been taken into account. It is not necessary for companies to use the direct method and due to the costly process of looking through all receipts and expenses, it is much more common for companies to use the indirect method (Schwartz, 1996)[2] . b) China World Limited (CWL), as is the case with many large companies, has opted to report its cash flow statements in an indirect way. The cash flow statement in the published accounts year ended 31st December 2007 reflects this choice fully; however, there is no discussion as to why the direct method was not used. During the preparation of the accounts, CWL has made several assumptions in order to produces the cash flow statements. For example, depreciation is accounted for during the cash flow statement, as it is not a true expense. When the profit figure, which is the starting point for the cash flow statements, is calculated, the depreciation is taken into account based on the depreciation policies being followed by the company. In the case of CWL, the property owned by the company is depreciated over 20 years, fixtures and fittings over a range of 5 to 10 years and motor vehicles over a period of 5 years. As these amounts are merely policy choices and are done on a straight line method, the actual amount allocated to depreciation has no immediate bearing on the actual cash flow statement and is, therefore, added back on to the ultimate net profit figure during the indirect method calculation. A similar approach is taken with amortisation of intangible assets where the initial costs of thes e assets are spread across the expected life span of the asset. This is not an actual cash movement and is, therefore, added back on to the final profit figure during the cash flow statement (Mills, 1991)[3]. Additional adjustments are then made to include cash based transactions such as interest receivable in an attempt to show a truly accurate picture of cash flow movement. Changes in inventory levels are assumed to reflect the amount of cash available, directly. This is not necessarily the case and it is merely an assumption that CWL has made for the benefit of the cash flow statement (Mills Yanamura, 1998)[4]. Other assumptions that have been made are likely to have an impact on the cash flow. For example, when calculating the net profits, there is an allowance made for bad debtors. This figure is purely an estimate based on previous experiences and the perceived risks associated with the various creditors that are related to the company at any time. In using the indirect method, these assumptions will still bear some relevance to the bottom line, meaning that a change of policy or assumption can have a direct impact on the way in which the cash flow statement looks (Barth, 2006)[5]. As CWL has international operations, it has to deal with the currency fluctuations that occur throughout the year. As the consolidated accounts are presented in pounds sterling, cash values in local currency need to be converted at the exchange rate between the country in which the transaction occurs and British sterling. CWL takes the approach of averaging the exchange rate over the period in which the transactions took place. This assumption is necessary as it simply is not possible to take an accurate exchange rate at the exact point in which a transaction is undertaken. However, it does have a potentially misleading impact on the cash flow statement. Appendix 1 contains a copy of CWL’s accounts as they would appear, had the direct cash flow approach been taken. c) The cash flow statement is merely one aspect of the financial analysis of the company’s financial status. Although cash flow and the liquidity of the company is vital in the overall health of the company, it is not the only measure of success. Firstly, let us consider the liquidity of the liquidity position of CWL. One of the most commonly used ratios is that of the liquidity ratio known as the current ratio. This shows the company’s ability to meet its current liabilities with its current assets. For true financial health, a company wishes to see a ratio that is as high as possible, and at an absolute minimum at least 1:1. In the case of CWL the ratio in 2007 was 1.905, which in itself is particularly healthy and is even healthier when it is compared with the previous year’s figure of 1.734. This increase in the current ratio is primarily due to better management of the money owed by creditors to the company. A further liquidity test is that of the acid test, which is similar in nature to the current ratio but shows a much starker picture as it looks at the ability of the company to meet its current liabilities purely by the use of cash or cash equivalents. In reality, this is a more realistic view of the company’s liquidity position as its main aim is to be able to pay any liabilities that are imminently due, without the need to cash in any other assets, even if they are considered current. In analysing the acid ratio, it is possible to see a different picture of CWL. Although the current ratio shows a particularly healthy liquidity position, it is clear that much of the current assets of CWL are tied up in inventories or in receivables (Chirinko Schaller, 1995) [6]. CWL should aim to manage receivables and inventories better in order to bring the quick ratio closer to the desirable 1:1 position. Although the figure of 0.508 falls considerably short of this ideal ratio, it is a v ast improvement on the 2006 figure of 0.383. As well as liquidity the profitability of the company should be considered. This is the view of how well the company is using its assets to produce a suitable rate of return. The main profitability ratio is that of gross profit margin. As CWL is a manufacturing based company, it is expected that the figure will be at the lower end of the scale; however, the figure of 35.95% is relatively healthy and shows a good rate of profit. Despite this, attention should be given to the cost of sales relative to revenues as they have dropped substantially since 2006 where the figure was 50.19%. This could be attributed to the acquisition of a new subsidiary. Therefore, it is anticipated that, in time, better use of the cost of sales will be made and the gross profit margin will recover to a figure closer to 50%. A final ratio of importance is that of the return on equity. As CWL relies heavily on the shareholders’ equity, it is of considerable importance whether or not the shareholders are receiving a good return on their investment. In its broadest terms, the return on equity ratio shows how much return the company is generating in return for every pound that is put into the company. As a general rule, the higher the return on equity ratio, the better the company is doing, although it should be noted that some companies that require little in the way of financial investment such as consulting firms will almost always have a better return on equity ratio than manufacturing firms such as CWL (Costales Szurovy, 1994)[7]. Once again, in studying the return of equity in relation to CWL, a downward trend between 2006 and 2007 can be seen. This is almost entirely due to the new acquisitions. Therefore, the direct investment in the consolidated company is considerably higher; yet, there has been insufficient time to allow this cash injection to be suitably used to generate increased returns. In a similar way to the gross profit margin, it would be expected that this figure would return to the 2006 figure rapidly and would in the long term be an improvement on the 2006 figures. It should be noted that when looking at these ratios the consolidated accounts have been used. There was a large acquisition made during the year within the group and this has had an impact on the ratios, during 2007. The overall health of the company in terms of liquidity and profitability is good and the slight apparent wobble in the figures will be reversed in the years to come due to the increasing investments being put into the ongoing expansion of the company. The calculations and details of the ratios referred to above are contained in Appendix 2. Appendix 1  Direct Cash Flow Cash flows from operating activities Cash receipts from customers 2,336,967 Cash paid to suppliers and employees (1,496,917) Cash generated from operations (sum) 840,050 Interest paid (8,615) Income taxes paid (52,188) Net cash flows from operating activities 779,247 Cash flows from investing activities Proceeds from the sale of equipment/assets (60,247) Interest received 3,336 Acquisition of subsidiaries (88,209) Net cash flows from investing activities (145,120) Cash flows from financing activities Issue of ordinary share capital 202,500 Costs of issue (13,750) Investment from minority interests 48,360 Interest paid (8,615) Proceeds from bank borrowings 138,172 Net cash flows from financing activities  366,667 Appendix 2 – Ratios Relating to CWL Ratio Calculation Figures Result Current ratio 2007 Current assets / current liabilities 2,284,972 / 1,199,264 1.905 Current ratio 2006 Current assets / current liabilities 1,187,951 / 684,896 1.734 Quick Ratio 2007 Current assets (cash equivalents) / Current liabilities 609,391 / 1,199,264 0.508 Quick Ratio 2006 Current assets (cash equivalents) / Current liabilities 262,080 / 684,896 0.383 Gross Profit Margin 2007 (Revenue Cost of sales) / Revenue (2,336,967 -1,496,917) / 2,336,967 35.95% Gross Profit Margin 2006 (Revenue Cost of sales) / Revenue (1,064,479 530,234) / 1,064,479 50.19% Return on Equity 2007 Net income / total equity 266,372 / 3,148,576 8.46% Return on Equity 2006 Net income / total equity 155,506 / 1,133,966 13.71% Bibliography Barth, Mary E., Including Estimates of the Future in Todays Financial Statements, Accounting Horizons, Vol. 20, 2006 Carslaw, Charles A., Mills, John R., Developing Ratios for Effective Cash Flow Statement Analysis, Journal of Accountancy, Vol. 172, 1991 Chirinko, Robert S., Schaller, Huntley, Why Does Liquidity Matter in Investment Equations? Journal of Money, Credit Banking, Vol. 27, 1995 Costales, S.B., Szurovy, Geza, The Guide to Understanding Financial Statements, McGraw-Hill Professional, 1994 Elliott, Barry, Elliott, Jamie, Financial Accounting, Reporting and Analysis: International Edition, Pearson Education, 2006 Mills, John R., Yamamura, Jeanne H., The Power of Cash Flow Ratios, Journal of Accountancy, Vol. 186, 1998 Schwartz, Donald, The Future of Financial Accounting: Universal Standards,  Journal of Accountancy, Vol. 181, 1996 Shim, Jae K., Siegel, Joel G., Financial Management, Barrons Educational Series, 2000 Weetman, Pauline, Financial Accounting: An Introduction, Pearson Education, 2006 Footnotes [1] Weetman, Pauline, Financial Accounting: An Introduction, Pearson Education, 2006 [2] Schwartz, Donald, The Future of Financial Accounting: Universal Standards, Journal of Accountancy, Vol. 181, 1996 [3] Carslaw, Charles A., Mills, John R., Developing Ratios for Effective Cash Flow Statement Analysis, Journal of Accountancy, Vol. 172, 1991 [4] Mills, John R., Yamamura, Jeanne H., The Power of Cash Flow Ratios, Journal of Accountancy, Vol. 186, 1998 [5] Barth, Mary E., Including Estimates of the Future in Todays Financial Statements, Accounting Horizons, Vol. 20, 2006 [6] Chirinko, Robert S., Schaller, Huntley, Why Does Liquidity Matter in Investment Equations? Journal of Money, Credit Banking, Vol. 27, 1995 [7] Costales, S.B., Szurovy, Geza, The Guide to Understanding Financial Statements, McGraw-Hill Professional, 1994

President Bill Clinton :: William Jefferson Clinton Essays

ST. JOSEPH, Minn., Dec. 17, 1998 — A psychological study of President Bill Clinton, conducted before the 1996 election, predicted that the Clinton presidency would be "troubled by ethical questions and lapses of judgment," but that the president would "retain a following and maintain his self-confidence in the face of adversity." The investigation revealed serious flaws as well as redeeming features in the president’s personality, and found his motives to be "vastly different from those that scuttled the political career of Richard Nixon." The study, by associate professor of psychology at the College of Saint Benedict and Saint John’s University, Aubrey Immelman, was published this fall in the journal Leadership Quarterly. Immelman concluded that in a second presidential term Bill Clinton would likely continue to display his "driving ambition, supreme sense of self-confidence, and personal charisma," but offered the "sobering caveat" that President Clinton’s character contained "the seeds of its own undoing." Specifically, Immelman determined that President Clinton’s personality was an amalgam of ambitious and outgoing personality styles. According to Immelman, these patterns incorporate adaptive aspects of the narcissistic and histrionic character types described in the clinical personality literature. Ambitious personalities are assertive, self-assured, persuasive, self-centered, and have a tendency to be arrogant, acting as though entitled. Outgoing personalities are gregarious, image-conscious, easily bored, charming, seductive, glib and inventive, and believe they can readily charm and influence others. The study was conducted before the president’s affair with Monica Lewinsky came to light. Asked what the president’s character reveals about his sexual risk taking, Immelman noted that personality theorist Theodore Millon of the University of Miami has found that a distinctive feature of the ambitious-outgoing personality composite (as in the case of Bill Clinton) is "an erotic and seductive orientation." According to Millon, such individuals may have an indifferent conscience and aloofness to the truth, which, if brought to their attention, is likely to elicit nonchalant innocence. They are driven by a need for excitement, stimulation, and challenge and tend to be undisciplined, traveling an erratic course of successes, failures, and abandoned hopes. Although they may leave a trail of broken promises and outrageous acts, their disregard for the truth and their talents for exploitation and deception are rarely hostile or malicious in intent. With reference to the current impeachment proceedings against the president, Immelman said that failings associated with ambitious, outgoing personalities such as President Clinton are typically limited in scope, extending primarily to self-indulgent excess, including sexual intemperance.

Sambian Partners : Why Are We Losing All Our Good People

Why Are We Losing All Our Good People Background: Sambian Partners founded by Peter Gasbarian in1975. Gasbarian idea was to build top notch architecture and engineering firm. Helen Gasbarian took charge of Sambian Partners as CEO in1997. The case begins with the resignation of Tom Forsythe, an assistant director. Mary Donillo, the head of human resources was opposed to Tom's decision. According to Adrienne Perle, one of the engineers at Sambian Partners people was quite unhappy. When this came into light, Mary Donillo asked her opinion regarding the current situation at the firm and from here she came to know the dissatisfaction among the employees with the current working conditions, mainly from the higher-ups in the organization. The CEO Helen Gasbarian makes decision of promoting Adrianne to a supervisor position. At this, anger rose among other employees who are more qualified but were not promoted. The junior employees were in an opinion that they could make their mark by leaving the company and work on interesting jobs. Mary decides to carry out an employee survey. She designed open ended questions to get an accurate snapshot of the current scenario the company is facing. But the questions prove to be quite mixed. Employees were giving feedback by leaving. Clearly, they feel that more direct forms of feedback will go unheeded. Helen needs to find the root cause of why employees don't trust the company or don't care enough about the company to improve it. Purpose:- To find the reason for the talent drain. Proposed recommendation:- * To provide a forum where employees can speak openly about their discontent without fear of repercussions. (Grievance Management)[2] Methodology:- We have used business school approach, literature case study method, to study the case and give the recommendation. Findings on evidence:-Evidence: -â€Å"Why are we losing all our good people†, Edward E. Lawler III Harvard Business Rev. June 2008 Nov. Author ;Date| Population ; type oforganization| Design| Measures| Outcome| Comment| Rene Schalk, Wim Van Dijk| Conceptual paper| Dutch health care| Concept of employees' psychological contracts with their organization  |   Integrate employee commitment and quality management  | Quality fails when the system fails| T. N. Krishnan| Research paper| Indian organizations| Study carried on the employees| Valuable workplace| Understanding employment relationship| Lisa A. Steelman, Kelly A. Rutkowski| Research paper| Multinational company| Recipient's willingness to change his or her behavior| Motivated to improve job performance| Credible feedback | Carley Foster, Khanyapuss Punjaisri, Ranis Cheng| Conceptual paper| Multinational company| Employees' attitudes and behaviors| Closer alignment between the employees' values and those of the corporate brand| Synergized to achieve a strong, consistent corporate brand| Manuel London | General review| Multinational company| Interviews with bosses of young first-line managers| Encouraging individual contribution and personal growth| Career motivation| Karien Stadler| Research paper| Saudi Arabian mining company| Sample of 59 executives and senior managers| Talent reviews in the identification, development and retention of potential employees| Company's growth strategy| Thomas N. Garavan|   Literature review| Irish firms| Study of career development practices| Promote career development within the organization| Focusing on the role of the line manager, HRM specialist and the general design of career development systems within an organization| Conclusion:- In the case â€Å"Why are we losing all our good people† we can observe that there is a need of a platform where employees can came out with their discontentment and grievances regarding their working conditions. According to the evidence, Hal's news comes as a shock to Mary. â€Å"Are we part of the problem? † thought Mary as Hal describes the scene he just saw moments earlier. At this moment, a decision must be made: does the company asks its employees to take a job satisfaction survey, or does Mary stop the problem in its tracks by confronting Adrianne directly? The CEO and Mary decide to choose the later, ask Adrianne what is on her mind. After idle conversation the question is asked, â€Å"Is Tom Forsythe talking to you? And are these rumors true? After a few awkward minutes, the truth is reviled. No, Tom is not talking to Adrianne, but she is quite simply unhappy with the current working conditions, mainly from the higher-ups in the organization. Final decision:- From the above evidence we say that Sambian should establish an open-door policy so that employees know that they can talk to someone above their supervisors if they have a complaint. Helen must personally guarantee that feedback will be taken seriously. The employees might be experiencing an imbalance between work and life. The corporate culture should be clearly defined and the employees surveyed should analyze how far they are separated from the same. The employees also felt that there were inadequate career opportunities where they can grow. There was lack of recognition to their higher order needs. Jean Martin, executive director of the Corporate Leadership Council, gave the professional opinion of this article. According to her advice, the issue does not fall on â€Å"what† Mary is asking; it is â€Å"How† she asks it. It will be a harmful for a company when large groups of employees are migrating from it. In such situations, managers will be blamed. Not because they are doing a bad job and they failed to foresee this issue. But as a manager, it is important that they should conduct â€Å"audits† to make sure that their employees are happy. This is known as a â€Å"culture audit. â€Å"[1] It can prove be an effective way to combat these issues. Hence, a robust and clear HR processes is required to make these policies work within the company. References:- 1. Rene Schalk, International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance   2. T. N. Krishnan, Employee Relations  ,2011 , Vol. 33, Issues: 5 3. Manuel London, Journal of Management Development  , 1986Volume: 5  Issue: 3 4. http://www. emeraldinsight. com/journals. htm? issn=0967-0734&volume=18&issue=3&articleid=1864041&show=abstract 5. http://www. emeraldinsight. com/journals. htm? issn=0967-0734&volume=18&issue=7 6. http://blcdocs. cox. smu. edu

Human Resources in a Globally Competitive Business Environment Essays

Human Resources in a Globally Competitive Business Environment Essays Human Resources in a Globally Competitive Business Environment Essay Human Resources in a Globally Competitive Business Environment Essay In Ch. 1 of our reading, â€Å"Human Resources in a Globally Competitive Business Environment† it give a depiction of what the 21st century corporation will be transformed into. Technology is the key influencer to the changes of corporations. â€Å"Many factors are driving change, but none is more important than the rise of Internet technologies† (Ch. 1). What can you do as a manager to keep your employees competitive in the 21st century business? We as managers have options on how to keep our employees competitive. The Internet has grown normal business to a global business in the 21st century. With this change in business comes change in personnel. More diverse workgroups will be forming, possible multiple locations in multiple countries. One of the most important aspects of doing business globally is being diverse and learning how to accept diversity. Training and awareness for employees is the tool that a diverse company must have. How might you respond to Challenges within changing organizational environments, from a hierarchical, departmentalized environment to an environment in which power is shared? Further in our reading of Chapter 1, it states that â€Å"make all of the people in a firm feel accountable and responsible for the operation and success of the enterprise, not just a few people in senior management. The increased sense of responsibility stimulates more initiative and effort on the part of everyone involved†. I feel that more and more companies are doing so, mine included. I urn to be included in the operations. I want to know how I can affect the performance of the company and ultimately see that difference.

Biography of Marie Curie (Physicist) essays

Biography of Marie Curie (Physicist) essays As one of historys most admirable women, Marie Curie took every challenge she encountered with poise and conquered it with vigor. She was quoted, Nothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be understood (qtd. in Glance). She, undoubtedly, followed that until her death in 1934. Suffering more hardships than the average person, Marie was still able to accomplish more than a lifetime of successes. Throughout her journey, Marie had several distinct phases: her strenuous and impressionable path into adulthood; her life as a mother, wife, and physicist; and the lasting impact of her discoveries on todays physical society. The single biggest advantage Marie had as a child was that she grew up in a family of teachers, and education was not hidden from her because she was a female, as was custom in the late 1800s. Her father, Wladyslaw Sklodowska, made it clear that only the very best was just good enough. Its possible that he had the greatest impact on Marie, teaching his children to be curious (Poynter 11). By the age of eleven, Marie had already experienced the tragic losses of her mother and sister. Her strong family ties forced her to take on extra responsibilities, therefore, lessoning her time for study. To make matters worse, during her grade school years, Poland was under Russian control, so Marie was forced to learn in Russian, instead of Polish. As if the language barrier wasnt a big enough challenge, Polish students were discriminated against by the Russian teachers. However, she graduated at the age of 16, ranking number one in her class of over a hundred (Glance). It was not until Marie was twenty-four that she could attend the university of her dreams, the Sorbonne. Once her sister had graduated from medical school and was married, Marie had the opportunity to move to Paris and devote herself to studying at the Sorbonne. But still, life w...

Leadership Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Leadership - Assignment Example Groups and Teams The requirement for this heading stipulates drawing from one’s knowledge of group dynamics and performance, to provide an explanation why this sub-section may be ineffective. The course module focusing on lesson 3: groups and teams distinguish between an effective and ineffective group by indicating that â€Å"effective groups are able to grow through each stage of development, whereas ineffective groups can get stuck in the forming, norming or storming stages† (Lesson 3, 5). From the observation of members composing the sub-section, it can be clearly deduced that these members have not been formed together; meaning, their membership in the sub-section occurs at different points in time. One member, Rhea Nordheimer, the computer programmer, has been with the section for 10 years, while Jasmine Sangrina’s appointment as an RMS clerk is her first posting and relatively new. The supervisor, Pierre Dalicaster, is also an old-timer, having had 30 year s experience in the service. The differences in entry point to the group has been a crucial factor in contributing to diversity in personal and professional goals that ultimately lead to missing tasks and project deadlines. As such, the problems manifested indicate inefficiencies in the performing state, apparently burdened with â€Å"distractions or dysfunctional interpersonal conflict† (Lesson 3, 5) and dysfunctional personal and professional goals. Further the performing factors: composition, size, group norms and cohesiveness define differences in crucial elements that influence the groups’ effectiveness and ability to achieve organizational goals. The composition of the members itself indicate diversity in ages (Dalicaster about to retire, Sangrina newly graduate), status, interests, and personal goals. Concurrently, there is the issue of cohesiveness where it is eminent that members do not want to stay together (as James Cockingham expressed that he would rather be back in this previous regiment) and there is a lack of interest for interaction and interpersonal relationships (Cockingham does not interact with other members of the sub-section; Nordheimer is not a warm or approachable person and openly dislikes Cookster or Cockingham; Sangrina is reluctant to ask for help; and Delicaster not trained for the position). All of these factors validate the sub-section’s ineffectiveness as a group. Decision-making To address the need to select a decision-making approach and to provide an explanation how one could use it to identify possible problems and potential solutions for this sub-section’s ineffectiveness, one proposes the military approach where both rational and behavioral approaches (Lesson 1, 7). The scenario indicates that in the capacity of a Section Head, one has been governing operations of the section in a span of only one month, therefore it would be more viable to use the military approach to use the five-model under rational decision approach, in conjunction with behavioral approach, using the information on observation noted in the scenario. The group decision making process where the sub-section supervisor, Delicaster would meet with the group to discuss group problems and to solicit feedback and participation

Essay 4 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

4 - Essay Example Aptitudes that apply to numerous various types of parts are known as transferable or delicate abilities. Ponder a few errands which happen on an ordinary working day. You may have exhibited your exploration in a Graduate class, which serves to sharpen your relational abilities. You may take a shot at a provision for a travel gift, providing for you some knowledge of securing and financing for your examination experience. On the other hand perhaps you persuaded your administrator to set aside a few minutes to peruse a paper you wish to submit for distribution, therefore utilizing arranging aptitudes (Webcache.googleusercontent.com, 2014) (BusinessDictionary.com, 2014) Transferable aptitudes can likewise be produced outside of a scholarly setting. Consider a portion of the exercises you get included within your extra time. Contemplate the sorts of obligations that individuals in more senior positions have – both in a scholastic environment and non-scholarly parts – assignments, for example, overseeing staff, getting financing or plan approbation, creating associations with outside contacts, etc. These all oblige certain levels of supposed transferable aptitudes like correspondence, association, arrangement, and so forth. When you want to make your next profession move, not just will you need to persuade potential superintendents that you have these transferable aptitudes, you will likewise need to utilize these abilities consistently with a specific end goal to succeed in your picked career. For a few professions, particularly in the event that you are considering moving out of the scholastic environment where your work is less incli ned to be well-known, transferable abilities can get much more critical to the accomplishment of your requisition. Superintendents anticipate that you will have to show a number of accompanying groups living up to expectations, energy and drive, interpersonal and relational abilities and

Explain how to establish and maintain a safe and supportive learning Essay

Explain how to establish and maintain a safe and supportive learning environment - Essay Example The physical needs of students are essential in that they enhance even the health of students. To ensure that they are met, one needs to ensure that the learners engage themselves in physical activities. This creates a relaxed environment and full participation from learners. The social need and learning needs come in handy. This is because while trying to meet their physical needs, the spirit of team comes in which requires them to interact social can even learn from each other freely. Ideas are created from themselves and each one feels the urge to participate openly. Adjustments in sitting positions in class can also be made according to the strengths of different students. Students with diverse positions are likely to boost each other as their strengths are placed differently so each one of the wills to learn from the other according to their areas of weakness.Teachers and students do not have much in common. This makes it hard for the teachers to build a rapport with their students. They should therefore be trained on educational psychology (Jane Thungu, 2008). Rapport does not result to learning but is a key to the good conditions of a learning environment. It can be built through respect. Respect is a two way traffic and therefore teachers and students must have it for each other. Teachers must also create an approachable atmosphere where the students are made free to consult. Honesty is a virtue in a learning environment. For students to learn they must be told clearly but not brutally of themselves. To build rapport teachers should look interested. Students must be able to tell that their teachers care about them and their learning. A sense of humor is also of importance. (Granitz N.A, 2009). Teachers have to make professional judgment on student through each course. They should therefore always ensure that the students know what is expected of them at the end of the course. Randomly assessing them is however of importance.

Roles, Responsibilities, and Relationships in Lifelong Learning Essay Example for Free

Roles, Responsibilities, and Relationships in Lifelong Learning Essay Roles, Responsibilities and Relationships in Lifelong Learning In this assignment I will be addressing the role of a teacher, their responsibilities to their learners and the relationships a teacher has with other professionals. I will also look at my own role and responsibilities in the lifelong learning sector and how I can meet the needs of my learners while working within the boundaries of the role of a teacher. This assignment will explain how to meet the needs of learners through referral to specialist professionals and how to promote appropriate behaviour in a safe and supportive learning environment which values equality and diversity. Government legislation dictates certain behaviour and actions to be taken by a teacher in given situations. The Special Educational Needs and Disabilities Act 2001 (SENDA) provides legal rights for disabled students whom are at a ‘substantial disadvantage’ that the responsible bodies require reasonable steps to be taken to prevent that disadvantage. These steps could include physical changes to the educational establishment, delivering course material relative to the needs of the learner and providing learning material in different formats. The Equality Act 2006 was passed to establish the Commission for Equality and Human Rights (CEHR). The CEHR has a statutory remit to promote and monitor human rights; and to protect, enforce and promote equality across the nine protected grounds age, disability, gender, race, religion and belief, pregnancy and maternity, marriage and civil partnership, sexual orientation and gender reassignment (EHRC 2013). This makes sure that discrimination on the grounds of religion or belief within public functions, education and several other areas. They also place a duty on public authorities to promote equal opportunities between men and women. These legislations, along with many more, place responsibility on me as a teacher to be able to deliver the same criteria to learners regardless of gender, social background and ability. Working in a young offender’s institute I only deliver lessons to males aged 15 to 18. These young people however are at different levels of education, have varied social backgrounds and ethnicity. It is my responsibility to ensure these learners can all complete the necessary tasks to achieve a qualification. If I do not feel I have the resources personally to meet the special needs of an individual learner then I can refer them to any of the more specialized staff within the establishment such as SenCo for special educational needs or YOT for help getting the learner into further education when their sentence is fully served or during their sentence if possible. The learners can display negative attitudes towards other young people or staff of differing social backgrounds or ethnicities. It is my responsibility to challenge these negative attitudes in an attempt at changing the perception the learner has about these people by discussing the effects that their opinions have on individuals. If I feel I am not reaching the learner and their views are not changing I can refer them to the chaplaincy or their keyworker who can provide relevant courses that are aimed at these specific areas. It is important that I promote the relevance of equality to the learners so that they feel comfortable sharing a work space with others of differing race or gender. Through this the learners will then learn to value and respect diversity in people and what a person from differing backgrounds can offer, rather than use it as a barrier to their own learning. In my role as a teacher it is my responsibility to identify and meet the needs of my learners. I can identify some of their needs before I have any contact with them by asking for any information ESS or SenCo have about any learning needs I should be aware of such as dyslexia so I can adapt learning material for them. Once I am aware of the learner’s specific needs then I can talk to them about achievable targets to set which they agree to and set these targets out in their ILP (Individual Learning Plan). I find that learner’s are more receptive to targets that they have agreed to rather than targets they have forced upon them. This can help if a learner has problems with authority as they see they are working with the teacher towards their own goals. Everyone wants structure in their lives, and no more so than your most poorly behaved students (Cowley 2005). Keeping problems from inappropriate behaviour to a minimum is important for all in the class as it is disruptive for all learners. It is important that I set out what is appropriate behaviour once a learner has started on my course. We discuss what they think is expected of them and what I expect of them and sign an agreement which outlines these expectations. Now the learner is aware of how they should behave during their time with me I positively reinforce their good behaviour with praise during the lesson for good work, at the end of the lesson I point out a few things they did well and at the end of the week I have well done slips I give to learners who have produced good work and behaved well all week. These slips allow the learner points to spend on items from the shop on their wing and when issued are recorded as positive behaviour on C-Nomis to make other professionals aware that the learner has performed well. And if your students do choose to push the barriers you have given them, you must be prepared to sanction them accordingly (Cowley 2005). However if a learner is misbehaving during lesson time I will remind them of the agreed behaviour expected of them, if their behaviour fails to improve I will ask them if they have any issues outside of class that could be causing them to ‘act out’ and if I cannot help with these issues I will refer them to another professional who can help such as their personal officer. If their poor behaviour continues I can record this on C-Nomis to make other professionals aware that this behaviour needs addressing. In teaching in a prison keeping on top of learner behaviour helps maintain a safe learning environment as if I allow certain poor behaviour to go unchallenged it could lead to dangerous situations. Also each learner is made aware of various health and safety issues they may face during class time as when they start the course they need to complete a health and safety unit. This covers areas such as spotting hazards, using fire extinguishers and working on portable access equipment safely. Involving the learner in identifying risks and hazards within the class environment helps them realise these dangers. Within a safe learning environment each learner can focus on their individual tasks and I can focus on their individual needs. When each learners needs are being met and the learners feel they can ask for help from their teacher a supportive environment has been achieved. As a teacher in the lifelong learning sector I must be responsible for having the relevant skills and qualifications to fulfil their role. Having appropriate levels of skill in literacy and numeracy means I can produce materials for the learners to use and keep record of the progress the learners are making. Most worksheets and lesson plans are produced using a personal computer; this would not be possible if I was without the necessary ICT skills. Various interpersonal and life skills are required to be a good teacher such as; being adaptive, committed, confident, creative, decisive, diplomatic, enthusiastic, focused, honest, intelligent, patient, organised, positive, professional, reliable, responsible and supportive. These skills and many more enable me to create a positive learning environment where learners can achieve their potential and as I evaluate myself I can ever improve the learning experience. When teaching a subject it is important that I have the relevant skills, qualifications and experience within this subject to be able to deliver quality lessons. It is imperative that I identify the needs of each individual learner so the learners feel valued and can receive appropriate tutorials and assessment for their level of ability as they achieve. I must also meet the needs of the organization I work for by following the code of conduct the organization has produced. I will continue to attend CPD (Continual Personal Development) events to further develop and expand my skills to the benefit of my learners. In my role as a teacher I have a responsibility to other professionals to keep my lesson punctual so it does not over run into another teacher’s lesson and that I inform other teachers or colleagues of any behavioural problems with specific learners so appropriate measures can be applied to remedy this. While I like to keep my learning environment relaxed and friendly it is important to be aware of the boundaries in my role as a teacher. These boundaries mean I should not become over familiar with my learners which could be detrimental to the learning environment and deal with learner’s emotional problems in a professional manner referring them to other professionals who are there to accommodate these needs. These boundaries differ from other professionals as they are specific to a teaching role and are vital for keeping a teacher safe in their practice. In summary a teacher has many important roles and responsibilities to learners choosing to continue their personal development in lifelong learning and must always strive to improve the learning environment within current legislation.

Music Therapy :: essays research papers

rynjulf Stige is the first Coordinator of the music therapy education program at Sogn og Fjordane University in Sandane, Norway, where he is an associate professor. With diverse experiences as a music therapist using a community based approach, Stige has written numerous articles and books on music therapy and music education. He is editor-in-chief of the Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, and co-editor (with Carolyn Kenny) of Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy. He is one of the most insightful thinkers working within the music therapy profession. He believes that humans cannot escape culture. Through culture, we are provided the tools we need to deal with challenges of everyday life. Stige believes that culture has not been focused on enough and in his book, Culture-Centered Music Therapy, he brought the culture to the music therapy world. His book is divided into four main parts excluding the introduction, preface, etc. Part One of the book, outlines premises for the argument, examining basic concepts such as culture, humankind, meaning, "musicking," and the nature-nurture debate. Part Two highlights how culture-centered music therapy may be practiced. The scope varies from community music therapy (aimed in part on cultural change in the community), to ecological music therapy (focusing on communication at micro- and mesosystem levels), to individual music psychotherapy (considering the individual in cultural context). In Part Three, implications for describing and understanding music therapy are discussed, including a chapter on how to define music therapy as a practice, discipline, and profession. A culture-inclusive model of the music therapy process is also proposed. Part Four suggests approaches to music therapy research within a culture-centered context. A call for increased reflexivity, the ability to reflect upon one's social and cultural position, is at the heart of the discussion, along with a continuing theme of this book: the relations and tensions between local and more general perspectives on music therapy. Focusing more on Part I, the first three chapters that make up that section educate the reader on key premises that arise throughout the rest of the text.. The first chapter explores an integration of themes from biology, history and culture. It opens with a concise and scholarly history of the concept of culture, discussing etymological roots and noting different uses and misuses throughout history. Reference is made to the disciplines of anthropology and ethnography, the latter playing a significant part throughout the text.

My Dad and the Flat Earth :: Personal Narrative Profile

My Dad and the Flat Earth Today my father tells us the earth is flat. He sits us down, the five of us, sits us down on the couch in the living room and tells us the earth is flat. It's not like he says, "Boys. The earth is flat," and then walks away. It's not like that at all. What he does is he takes the time to explain it to us. Even gives us visual aids. His hands become the earth. With his hands out before us he shows us the exact shape of the earth. It's not flat, really, but saucer shaped. Almost bowl shaped. He shows us with his hands. His fingers bend up slightly and his thumbs bend in towards each other, so that his hands make a kind of bowl. "Where do we live?" my oldest brother Sam asks. "Here," says my father. "in the bowl." "Really?" "Yeah," he says, with total confidence. "Look." He starts pulling his slightly cupped hands upward towards the ceiling, slowly. He doesn't say anything as he performs this move. He wants us to watch it for a while. He doesn't look at his hands, he looks at us. Our reaction. We don't react. "This is how the earth moves," he says. "it travels constantly upwards." "Upward?" says Len, my other older brother. "Yes. Upward." "Towards what?" It's me asking this time. I figure it's my turn to speak. My father looks at me for a moment and I think he's angry. I'm sorry I asked the question. Then this weird smile comes across his face and I'm not sorry anymore. Now I'm nervous. About my father. The thought occurs to me that my father has lost his mind and that this strange half-smile is the half-smile of a madman. "That's a very good question, Rand." "It is?" "A very good question. It shows you're using your mind." "Losing my mind? Why?" "Using," she says. "Oh. Using." "The earth travels upwards but it's not important where." "It isn't?" I was confused. He had just said that it was a good question, now he seemed to be saying it wasn't. "No," he answers. "What is important is what the earth moves in relation to.

Organization of Buddhism Essay

Buddhism is the religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama Buddha in Indian about 500 B.C.   Buddhism is the chief religion of Burma, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Kampuchea, Laos and China. Buddhism is one of the oldest and biggest religions of the world. Its central deity was Buddha, â€Å"the Enlightened One†. It was founded by Siddhartha Gautama who was born 563 B.C. in Kapilavastu, just inside the borders of what is now Nepal. Buddhism beganin India as a revolt against Hinduism. The origin of the religion is described in the article Buddha. Buddha himself did not leave any writings, and his teachings were not written down until several hundred years afte rhis death. Like Christianity and Islam, Buddhism is a missionary religion. Within 300 years after Buddha’s death, it had spread throughout India and reached Ceylon (Sri Lanka).   Monks and travellers carried it to other parts of Asia. Japan adopted it about the seventh century A.D. About the same time the religion reached Tibet. Here it was combined with native religions. The two major divisiobs of Buddhism probably developed in Indian monasteries before 100 A.D. A. The Life of Buddha Siddhartha Gautama was born in Kapilavastu, India (now Nepal) in about 563 BCE. At his birth, legend says, a wise man told his father that Siddhartha would either become a great ruler or a great holy man, depending on what he saw of life. Determined that his son should rule after him, his father did all he could to shield Siddhartha from the problems of the outside world. Siddhartha grew up in great luxury in his father’s palace. He married a beautiful princess and had a son. Despite this, he felt that something was missing from his life. At the age of 29, Siddhartha had an experience that changed his life. On a secret chariot ride outside the palace, he saw a sick man, an old man and a dead man. It was the first time that he had seen people suffering. Then he saw a holy man who was happy and content, despite being poor. Siddhartha vowed to give up his luxurious life and become like the holy man. That night, he left the palace and began his search for the answer to the suffering he had seen. After many years of fasting and hardship, Siddhartha came to the village of Bodh Gaya. Sitting under a great tree, he closed his eyes and began to meditate. There, at last, he gained enlightenment and became the Buddha. He realized that people suffered because they always wanted more than they had. The Buddha spent the rest of his life as a monk. He traveled around India with a group of followers, teaching people how to overcome suffering. He died, aged 80, in the town of Kushinagara in India. B. Its History –  Buddhism Buddhism began in India as a revolt against Hinduism. The origin of the religion is described in the article Buddha. Buddha himself did not leave any writings, and his teachings were not written down until several hundred years after his death. Like Christianity and Islam, Buddhism is a missionary religion. With 300 years after Buddha’s death, it had spread throughout India and reached Ceylon (Sri Lanka). Monks and travelers carried it to other parts of Asia. Japan adopted it about the seventh century A.D. About the same time the religion reached Tibet. Here it was combined with native religions and developed into Lamaism o  Ã‚   Buddhism According to Buddhism, liberation is attained through understanding and practice of the Four Noble Truths: 1. There is suffering in life. 2. Suffering is caused by desire for pleasure, existence, and prosperity. Suffering and rebirth cease when one ceases such desires, leading to enlightenment, or Nirvana, a blessed state in which peace, harmony, and joy are attained. 4. The way, or path, to Nirvana is the Eightfold Path, summarized as: –  Right understanding – Right thoughts – Right speech – Right conduct – Right occupation – Right meditation – Right mindfulness – Right effort The Eightfold Path is also called the Middle Way—because of its emphasis on avoiding such extremes as following sensuous pleasures on the one hand, and self-punishment on the other. The Buddhist must at all times observe the high moral principles described in the Eightfold path, which emphasizes nonviolence and the brotherhood of all. Perhaps the best-known Buddhist scriptures are the Tripitaka (â€Å"Three Baskets†), first written down in Ceylon (Sri Lanka) in authoritative edition was prepared by the Sixth Buddhist Council at Rangoon, Burma, in 1954-56. The three Pitakas are about four times as long as the Bible. C. Other Beliefs of Buddhism Buddhism’s beliefs and teachings are derived from Hinduism although there may be some slight variations in some concepts. Karma is a Sanskrit word of â€Å"action†. The action refers to volitional acts (thoughts, deeds or spoken words that are in the control of a person) as well as the forces that arise resulting form these acts. The law of Karma describes the connection between actions and the resulting forces, like good action results to good Karma while bad action results to bad Karma. Good actions are described in a Buddhist belief in the Noble Eightfold Path. A Noble Eightfold Path is a path of life that has eight stages or phases. This path consists of the right views, right aspiration, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness and right concentration. Furthermore, the law of Karma states that there is a connection between the moral quality of man’s action to the resulting condition or states. The life he has now is largely dictated by what he said and did in his past life while his next life will be determined by what he is doing and saying now. In other words, the Karma of past, present and future events are connected by the law of cause and effect. For example, if one does something wrong like hurting or killing another human being; he will have to suffer the negative consequences of these actions in his present life or another lifetime. Similarly, if he does something right he will enjoy the positive consequences of that deed in his present or subsequent lifetimes.   It is important to note that the law of Karma is final. No one (including divine intervention) or nothing can stop the law of Karma from operating in a person’s life. In other words, man’s destiny is dictated only by the law of Karma itself. Rebirth as the name implies, is a process of being born over and over again (unless a person attained Nirvana or release from the cycles of birth). In simpler terms, rebirth is nothing more than a movement from one’s old body at death to a new body at birth or conception. Rebirth is necessary for the execution of Karma which needs more than one lifetime to be completed so that it can be rightly said that rebirth is nothing more than the transmission of one’s karma. Only when all accumulated karma is paid for and craving is rooted out from a person’s life that one can enter the stream that leads to Nirvana. But as long as there is delusion, greed, and aversion, which consequently fuels the desire to live, man generate karma. The Buddhists idea of Rebirth, like Karma, is derived from an Indian philosophy of Hinduism. However, the Buddhist concept of rebirth is different from Hinduism because in the Hinduism theory of rebirth there is a transmigration of souls while the Buddhist denies the existence of self or soul (the immortal version of self).   In Buddhism the idea of self or soul is merely an illusion for perceptions, consciousness, mind and body that makes up â€Å"self† is changing. The Buddhists argue that how can there be a self when in fact its composition is not permanent. Furthermore, Buddhists explained that the body is mortal and when it dies, consciousness and all mental activities cease, hence there is no more self and consequently there is no soul. According to Buddhism, liberation is attained through understanding and practice of the Four Noble Truths. First, is that there is suffering in life; Second, suffering is caused by desire for pleasure, existence and prosperity; Third, suffering and rebirth cease when one ceases such desires, leading to enlightenment, or Nirvana, and joy are attained; Fourth, the way or path, to Nirvana is the Eightfold Path summarized as; right understanding, right thoughts, right speech, right conduct, right occupation, right effort, right mindfulness and right meditation.

Ray Douglas Bradbury Essays - Mars In Fiction, Free Essays

Ray Douglas Bradbury Essays - Mars In Fiction, Free Essays Ray Douglas Bradbury Ray Douglas Bradbury was born in Waukegan, Illinois on August 22,1920. He was the third born son of Leonard Spauldling Bradbury and Esther Marie Moberg Bradbury. In the fall of 1926 the Bradbury family moved from their home in Waukegan to Tucson, Arizona. However, their stay there only lasted until May of 1927 when they moved back to their original habitation. Bradbury began writing his own literature on butcher paper when he was 11 years old. Ray and his family moved again moved to Tucson, Arizona and back to Waukegan, Illinois again in 1932. This rapid movement was initiated when Leonard Bradbury was laid off from his job installing telephone lines, only to be rehired later in the year. In 1934 the Bradbury family moved yet again, but this time to Los Angeles, California. Ray attended high school in Los Angeles. He graduated in 1938, finishing his formal school career. Bradbury decided that in order to further his education, he would spend his days at his typewriter and his nights at the library, reading. Since he needed a way to make some money to get by, Ray took a job selling newspapers on Los Angeles street corners. His first published story was ?Hollerbocher?s Dilemma,? which was printed in an amateur fan magazine in 1938. In 1939, Ray published four issues of Futuria Fantasia, his own fan magazine, in which he contributed most of the published material. Bradbury?s first paying gig, was ?Pendulum,? which was published in Super Science Stories in 1941. Finally in 1942 he discovered his distinctive style of writing after writing ?The Lake.? By 1943 he had given up selling newspapers, and began a full-time job as a free lance write for many periodicals. In 1945 the magazine Best American Short Stories, selected Bradbury?s short story ?The Big Black and White Game,? to appear in an issue of the magazine. Bradbury?s most significant published works up until the present include: Dark Carnival in 1947, The Martian Chronicles in 1950, Fahrenheit 451 in 1953, and many short stories, screenplays, essays and poems which are too numerous to name. Ray Bradbury?s writing has been critically acclaimed and heralded as some of the most influential media in the Science-Fiction genre. So far is his lifetime Ray has received the O. Henry Memorial Award, the Benjamin Franklin award in 1954, the Aviation-Space Writer?s Association Award for best article in an American Magazine in 1967, the World Fantasy Award for lifetime achievement, and the Grand Master Award from the Science-Fiction Writers of America. Also his animated film about the history of flight, Icarus Montgolfier Wright, was nominated for an Oscar, and his teleplay of the Halloween Tree won an emmy. Presently, Ray Bradbury resides in San Diego, California, where he still writes and gives lectures. The Martian Chronicles The book of Bradbury?s creation that I read was the Martian Chronicles. Initially, I was intrigued by Ray Bradbury?s implementation of elaborately descriptive settings. Each chronicle takes place during a different month and year, arranged in chronological order, from January 1999 to October 2026. Since the story spans over a long period of time, there are several locations in which the events occur. The major settings of the story include: Ohio, a small town next to the rocket launch pad, a large desert on Mars, with canals, that is a harbor to the ?dead cities,? a town on Mars which is the home of Yll and Ylla , the Martian landing site next to one of the canals, a Martian insane asylum, a town, that seems almost dreamlike in a sense, because it is the memories of the flight crew projected onto the Martian landscape, a luggage shop, and a city surrounded by rural farm area, that has only one house left standing. These settings are used as a device to move the novel along from each individual story to the next. I think that this was a very interesting concept, because there are no main characters in the book. However, there are main characters within each chronicle. Ylla is the first Martian introduced in the book; she is friendly, kind, and has an outgoing personality. James Stupple indicated in his book The Past,